Brussels → Milan · syllabic sign cipher · 1549 · external key matched, partial

Charles V to Ferrante Gonzaga: do not touch Parma

Charles V
fromCharles V
Ferrante Gonzaga
toFerrante Gonzaga

Four days after Paul III died, and before he could know it, the Emperor told his governor of Milan in cipher not to make terms with Ottavio Farnese over Parma, and when he might still seize the city.

Daniel Bourdeau · posted

Method: read after matching with key from external sources · Extent: partial (93% of the cipher)

Credits · Satoshi Tomokiyo (key or decipherment used) · María Josep Bertomeu Masiá (key or decipherment used) · Contemporary key or decipherment (key or decipherment used)

At a glanceExternal key matched · partial (93% of the cipher)

The letters
Charles V to Ferrante Gonzaga, governor of Milan, signed Carlos and countersigned Vargas. The main one is dated Brussels, 14 November 1549, with about 110 lines of signs. Four shorter passages come from 13 May, 30 September, 20 November and 23 December 1549.
Where
Biblioteca Estense Universitaria, Modena, Autografoteca Campori, Lettera K, Karl V, sfasc. IV cc. 60-63 and siblings. Not on DECODE.
The cipher
The Imperial Cipher of 1544–1554: the shape of a sign gives the consonant and a mark gives the vowel. Clear words stand in the text as code words.
How it was deciphered
With the key as reconstructed by Bertomeu Masiá and pictured by Tomokiyo, extended by hand from the text. The 14 November letter has no decipherment; three others were aligned with theirs. All by eye, with the sense in view.
What it says
Making terms with Ottavio would bring little and could mean war with the Church. “Nunca havemos querido emprender” anything there by way of war. Gonzaga may act only in two named cases, and then with dissimulation.
Still open
Several code words; a few stretches of c. 60v and c. 61r; the last two lines of c. 64r. No person has checked a passage against the image.

01 The letters

The Estense holds 151 letters from Charles V to Ferrante Gonzaga, most in clear. Nine were flagged as partly in cipher. Five use the sign cipher treated here, and each of those carries its cipher as passages inside a clear letter, except that the 14 November letter is almost solid cipher from the middle of c. 60r to the top of c. 62r. It ends “Dat. en Bruselas a xiiij de Noviembre M.D.xlviiij”, with the signatures of Carlos and Vargas on c. 62v.

The numeric letters of 15 July 1549 and 11 August 1542 and the letter of 1 July 1552 use other ciphers, so they are not part of this page.

Three lines of signs on c. 60v of the letter
c. 60v, lines 19–21: “por otra parte ratificacion por razon de lo capitulado con el, por donde verniamos a hallarse embaraçado”. Image: Biblioteca Estense Universitaria, Modena, Autografoteca Campori, Lettera K, Karl V, sfasc. IV c. 60v, via the Estense Digital Library (CC BY-NC-SA).

02 What the Emperor says

Ottavio Farnese had been trying to recover Parma from his grandfather the Pope, and Gonzaga had reported a chance to make terms with him. Charles answers in cipher. The whole text is under Full texts below; these are the parts that run.

Ottavio is a poor foundation. He has no money, being “en desgracia del Pollo”, and nowhere to draw troops from except the lands of the Church. To carry the matter forward Gonzaga would have to declare himself, which would be “romper la guerra contra la yglesia”, since “Su Santidad” holds Parma in the Church’s name, not the Farnese house’s.

The policy. “En Parma y en Plazencia nunca havemos querido emprender hasta qui ninguna cosa por via de guerra avierta.” If terms were made and the Pollo died, “se vernia luego a las manos”, and Charles would find himself “embaraçado y cargado por ambas partes”.

The fear. Terms might give the Pollo an excuse “passar adelante mas desvergonçadamente en dar Parma a Horacio”, making “una frontera” against the Emperor.

The order. “No deveys en ninguna manera entrar por el presente en capitulacion con el dicho Ottavio.” Two exceptions follow. If Camillo Orsini tries a stroke “en sede vacante o en vida del Pollo”, Gonzaga may do what seems best, provided it is justified and has a safe way out. If Orazio or someone else enters Parma, for instance by an agreement between the Pollo and “el rey de nerp”, Gonzaga is to find a way to make himself master of the city, “con la desteridad y dissymulacion” that Charles trusts him to use. Otherwise, while “Parma [is] en manos del Pollo”, nothing is to be undertaken against it.

A line of signs with the word Pollo in cursive in the middle
c. 60v, line 14: “el Pollo” in clear among the signs, in “muriendo el Pollo, se vernia luego a las manos”. Image: Biblioteca Estense Universitaria, Modena, Autografoteca Campori, Lettera K, Karl V, sfasc. IV c. 60v, via the Estense Digital Library (CC BY-NC-SA).

The Pollo is very probably the Pope. The letter never says so. But c. 60v has “teniendo Su Santidad como agora tiene a Parma” where c. 62r has “estando Parma en manos del Pollo”, and c. 61v speaks of “sede vacante o en vida del Pollo”. Paul III died on 10 November 1549, and the letter of 14 November was clearly written before the news came. By 20 November the Emperor writes in clear of “este tiempo de Sede vacante”.

03 The other passages

04 Method

The slip on c. 29 gave the first values. Tomokiyo’s Cryptiana then identified the system and pictures Bertomeu Masiá’s reconstruction of the key, which shows the rule: base shape for the consonant, mark for the vowel. The key image is small and does not cover every form, so the sign table was extended from the letters themselves.

The cipher was cropped into numbered panels at about seven times size, and each sign was named and given a value in a sign file, line by line. The main session did c. 60r block 1 and c. 60v. Subagents with the same brief did c. 60r block 2, c. 61r, c. 61v, c. 62r and the short passages. In all there are 3,032 signs: 2,780 with a value, 128 doubtful, 51 taken as nulls, 25 clear words and 48 unread.

The text is continuous across the pages, which is one check on it: c. 60r ends “romper la guerra contra la yglesia o” and c. 60v goes on “no seria … que romper la guerra con la yglesia”; c. 60v ends “lo qual no con” and c. 61r begins “vergia”.

The statistical test (docs/_validate.py, order-4 model of Golden Age Spanish) passes. The reading scores −1.96 per letter, against −3.99 for random keys (9.5 sd) and −2.56 for keys annealed onto shuffled signs (45.5 sd), and an annealer on the real text reaches only −2.34.

05 What remains uncertain

Full texts

The transcription and the decryption of every document on this page, so that the reading can be used and checked. Short files are shown here; all are in the repository.

14 Nov 1549, cc.60r-62r read in part

Charles V tells his governor of Milan not to make terms with Ottavio Farnese over Parma: Ottavio has no money or troops, and it would mean war with the Church, which holds Parma, and could drive the Pope to give it to Orazio Farnese. Gonzaga may act only in two cases, an Orsini stroke or Orazio's entry, and then with dissimulation.

Builds coherent sentences, but under the read bar of 95% of words read as sense (94% here); the holes are marked in the reading.

Transcription

14nov1549_60r_block1.tsv

# 14 Nov 1549, c.60r, first cipher block, by eye, no slip or margin note. line TAB sign-name TAB value. ? = unread, trailing ? = value doubtful.
1	loopg	y
1	ys-2dots	vi
1	j-2dots	ni
1	S	e
1	ap	n
2	oo	do
2	n	a
2	dash-o	l
2	Lambda-1dot	pa
2	d	r
2	tri-2dots	ti
2	8f	cu
2	six-1dot	la
2	d	r
2	xo	de
2	six-1dot	la
2	xo	de
2	star	te
2	d	r
2	L-dots	mi
2	j-1dot	na
2	eight-2dots	ci
2	aplus	o
2	ap	n
2	eight-o	co
2	ap	n
2	cslash	que
3	cslash-dot	que
3	v-1dot	da
3	ys-1dot	va
3	xo	de
3	theta	s
3	xo	de
3	aplus-dots-below	null?
3	n	a
3	Lambda-p	pu
3	ap	n
3	tri-1dot	ta
3	d	r
3	loopg	y
3	eight-1dot	ca
3	Lambda-2dots	pi
3	tri-p	tu
3	six-1dot	la
3	d	r
3	eight-o	co
3	theta-bar	ne
3	dash-o	l
4	Saa	[Duque]
4	aplus	o
4	plus	tt
4	n	a
4	ys-2dots	vi
4	aplus	o
4	yo	so
4	m	b
4	g-bar	re
4	six-1dot	la
4	S	e
4	a	m
4	star-x	pre
4	y-1dot	sa
4	xo	de
4	Lambda-1dot	pa
4	d	r
4	L-dot	ma
4	y-bar	se
4	tri-o	to
4	eight-1dot	ca?
5	g-1dot	ra
5	ap	n
5	n	a
5	cw-2dots	qui
5	n	a
5	dash-o	l
5	op	gu
5	j-1dot	na
5	theta	s
5	xo	de
5	six-1dot	la
5	theta	s
5	eight-o	co
5	ap	n
5	y-2dots	si
5	xo	de
5	g-1dot	ra
5	eight-2dots	ci
5	aplus	o
5	theta-bar	ne
5	theta	s
5	cslash	que
5	y-o	so
6	m	b
6	f-bar	re
6	L	ll
6	aplus	o
6	x-inf	no
6	theta	s
6	aplus	o
6	Y-L	c?
6	nine	u
6	Gamma	rr
6	S	e
6	ap	n
6	Lambda-1dot	pa
6	g-1dot	ra
6	xo	de
6	theta	s
6	Lambda-p	pu
6	S	e
6	theta	s
6	ap-dots-below	null?
6	n	a
6	y-1dot	sa?
6	clear	ho
7	v-1dot	da
7	d	r
7	aplus	o
7	theta	s
7	n	a
7	S	e
7	ap	n
7	star	te
7	ap	n
7	xo	de
7	d	r
7	x-p	nu
7	S	e
7	theta	s
7	L-1dot	tra
7	ring-stem	i
7	ap	n
7	star	te
7	ap	n
7	eight-2dots	ci
7	aplus	o
7	ap	n
8	loopg	y
8	ys-o	vo
8	six-p	lu
8	ap	n
8	tri-1dot	ta
8	v	d
Transcription

14nov1549_60r_block2.tsv

# 14 Nov 1549, c.60r second cipher block, by eye with sign_table.tsv, context in view. line TAB sign-name TAB value. ? = unread, trailing ? = value doubtful.
1	tri-cross	te
1	openj-2dots	ni
1	S	e
1	ap	n
1	sideloop	do
1	g-bar	re
1	theta	s
1	Lambda-bar	pe
1	tri-o	to
1	n	a
1	dash-o	l
1	Lambda-o	po
1	eight-o	co
1	n-p	fu
1	ap	n
1	x-curl-1dot	da
1	L-bar	me
1	ap	n
1	tri-o	to
1	cslash	que
1	seven-bar	se
2	Lambda-p	pu
2	S	e
2	x-stroke-o	de
2	e-1dot	ha
2	crossV-bar	ze
2	d	r
2	x-stroke-o	de
2	six-1dot	la
2	Lambda-bar	pe
2	d	r
2	y-o	so
2	j-1dot	na
2	x-stroke-o	de
2	dash-o	l
2	x-curl-2dots	di
2	u	c
2	e-oo	ho
2	x-p-dots-below	null?
2	x-curl-1dot-mark	du?
2	cslash	que
2	aplus	o
2	plus	tt
2	n	a
3	ys-2dots	vi
3	aplus	o
3	Lambda-2dots	pa?
3	g-1dot	ra
3	nine	u
3	j-1dot	na
3	S	e
3	a	m
3	X-bar	pre
3	y-1dot	sa
3	eight-o	co
3	L-o	mo
3	six-1dot	la
3	x-stroke-o	de
3	Lambda-1dot	pa
3	d	r
3	L-1dot	ma
3	n	a
3	dash	ss
3	ring-stem	i
3	Lambda-o	po
3	d	r
3	six-o	lo
3	cslash	que
4	seven-bar	se
4	tri-2dots	ti
4	S	e
4	theta-bar	ne
4	eight-o	co
4	x-curl	no
4	eight-2dots	ci
4	sideloop	do
4	x-stroke-o	de
4	L-tick	ll
4	n	a
4	loopg	y
4	x-curl	no
4	tri-cross	te
4	theta-bar	ne
4	d	r
4	n-o-1dot-dots-below	null?
4	n-o	fo
4	d	r
4	L-1dot	ma
4	x-stroke-o	de
4	e-1dot	ha
4	ys-bar	ve
4	d	r
5	x-curl-2dots	di
5	theta-bar	ne
5	g-o	ro
5	S	e
5	theta	s
5	tri-1dot	ta
5	ap	n
5	sideloop	do
5	S	e
5	ap	n
5	x-stroke-o	de
5	theta	s
5	R-1dot	gra
5	eight-2dots	ci
5	n	a
5	x-stroke-o	de
5	dash-o	l
5	clear	Pollo
5	eight-o	co
5	L-o	mo
5	Lambda-o	po
5	d	r
6	cslash	que
6	n	a
6	nine-bar	u
6	ap	n
6	cslash	que
6	x-curl	no
6	six-bar	le
6	n-1dot	fa
6	dash-o	l
6	tri-1dot	ta
6	seven-bar	se
6	ap-dots-below	null?
6	x-curl	no
6	six-1dot	la
6	tri-2dots	ti
6	S	e
6	theta-bar	ne
6	x-stroke-o	de
6	sideloop	do
6	ap	n
6	x-stroke-o	de
6	y-1dot	sa
6	eight-1dot	ca
6	d	r
7	six-1dot	la
7	dash-o-slash	ge
7	ap	n
7	tri-cross	te
7	x-curl	no
7	e-1dot	ha
7	ys-2dots	vi
7	S	e
7	ap	n
7	sideloop	do
7	aplus-dots-below	null?
7	n	a
7	L	ll
7	ring-stem	i
7	aplus	o
7	invT-1dot	tra
7	theta	s
7	tri-2dots	ti
7	S	e
7	Gamma	rr
7	n	a
7	theta	s
8	eight-o	co
8	ap	n
8	ys-bar	ve
8	crossV-2dots	zi
8	j-1dot	na
8	theta	s
8	x-stroke-o	de
8	sideloop	do
8	ap	n
8	x-stroke-o	de
8	six-1dot	la
8	Lambda-p	pu
8	S	e
8	x-curl-1dot	da
8	e-1dot	ha
8	ys-bar	ve
8	d	r
8	y-2dots	si
8	x-curl	no
8	six-1dot	la
8	theta	s
9	x-stroke-o	de
9	six-1dot	la
9	loopg	y
9	o-dash	g
9	six-bar	le
9	y-2dots	si
9	n	a
9	x-stroke-o	de
9	clear	et
9	clear	ud
9	loopg	y
9	clear	tu
9	loopg	y
9	cslash	que
9	x-stroke-o	de
9	theta	s
9	tri-1dot	ta
9	L-loop	ma?
9	theta-bar	ne
9	g-1dot	ra
9	seven-bar	se
9	eight	r?
9	n	a
9	x-stroke-o	de
9	theta	s
10	n-o	fo
10	d	r
10	eight-1dot	ca
10	infinity	do?
10	Lambda-1dot	pa
10	g-1dot	ra
10	L	ll
10	S	e
10	ys-1dot	va
10	d	r
10	six-1dot	la
10	eight-o	co
10	y-1dot	sa
10	n	a
10	x-stroke-o	de
10	dash-o-dots-below	null?
10	n-dots-below	null?
10	six-1dot	la
10	ap	n
10	tri-cross	te
10	ring-stem	i
10	ap	n
10	tri-cross	te
10	d	r
11	ys-bar	ve
11	theta-bar-dots-below	null?
11	j-2dots	ni
11	d	r
11	loopg	y
11	x-stroke-o	de
11	u	c
11	six-1dot	la
11	no-letters	r
11	n	a
11	d	r
11	aplus	o
11	theta	s
11	x-stroke-o	de
11	x-p	nu
11	S	e
11	theta	s
11	invT-1dot	tra
11	Lambda-1dot	pa
11	d	r
11	tri-cross	te
11	six-o	lo
11	cw-1dot	qua
11	dash-o	l
12	clear	&
12	L-o-dots-below	null?
12	cslash-dots-below	null?
12	g-o	ro
12	a	m
12	Lambda-bar-dots-below	pe
12	d	r
12	six-1dot	la
12	g-o-dots-below	null?
12	S-dots-below	null?
12	op	gu
12	omega-dots-below	e
12	Gamma	rr
12	n	a
12	eight-o	co
12	ap	n
12	invT-1dot	tra
12	six-1dot	la
12	loopg	y
12	o-dash-dots-below	g
12	six-bar	le
12	y-2dots	si
12	n	a
12	aplus	o
Transcription

14nov1549_60v.tsv

# 14 Nov 1549, c.60v, by eye with sign_table.tsv, context in view. line TAB sign-name TAB value. ? = unread, trailing ? = value doubtful.
1	x-curl	no
1	y-bar	se
1	g-2dots	ri
1	n	a
1	aplus	o?
1	L-o	mo?
1	cslash	que
1	g-o	ro
1	a	m
1	Lambda-bar	pe
1	d	r
1	six-1dot	la
1	op	gu
1	S	e
1	Gamma	rr
1	n	a
1	eight-o	co
1	ap	n
1	L	?
1	six-1dot	la
1	loopg	y
1	dash-o	g
1	six-rtop	le
1	seven-2dots	si
1	n	a
2	star	te
2	j-2dots	ni
2	S	e
2	ap	n
2	sideloop	do
2	S-u-dots-below	Su
2	y-p	?
2	seven-1dot	sa?
2	ap	n
2	tri-2dots	ti
2	sideloop-1dot	da
2	sideloop	d
2	eight-o	co
2	L-o	mo
2	n	a
2	ring-inf	go
2	g-1dot	ra
2	tri-2dots	ti
2	S	e
2	theta-bar	ne
2	n	a
2	Lambda-1dot	pa
2	d	r
2	L-dot	ma
3	S	e
3	ap	n
3	theta-bar-dots-below	?
3	x-curl	no
3	a	m
3	seven	b
3	g-bar	re
3	xo	de
3	L	ll
3	n	a
3	loopg	y
3	x-curl	no
3	xo	de
3	six-1dot	la
3	eight-1dot	ca
3	y-1dot	sa
3	n-bar	fe
3	d	r
3	theta-bar-2dots	ne?
3	seven-tail	?
3	loopg	?
3	ring-stem	?
3	seven	?
4	xo	de
4	g-1dot	ra?
4	ap	n
4	sideloop	do
4	n	a
4	dash	ss
4	ring-stem	i
4	L-2dots	mi
4	theta	s
4	L-o	mo
4	cslash	que
4	seven-2dots	bi
4	S	e
4	theta	s
4	tri-1dot	ta
4	S	e
4	a	m
4	star-x	pre
4	y-1dot	sa
4	y-bar	se
4	e-hook	?
4	cross-1dot	?
4	S	e
4	ap	n
5	n-1dot	fa
5	ys-o	vo
5	d	r
5	xo	de
5	aplus	o
5	tt-cross	tt
5	n	a
5	ys-2dots	vi
5	aplus	o
5	eight-o	co
5	L-o	mo
5	S	e
5	theta	s
5	tri-1dot	ta
5	n	a
5	six-1dot	la
5	g-o	ro?
5	cslash	que
5	y-bar	se
5	e-1dot	ha
5	g-1dot	ra
5	eight-1dot	ca
5	Lambda-2side	pi
6	tri-p	tu
6	six-1dot	la
6	ap	n
6	sideloop	do
6	eight-o	co
6	theta-bar	ne
6	dash-o	l
6	Lambda-1dot	pa
6	g-bar	re
6	eight-bar	ce
6	g-2dots	ri
6	n	a
6	cslash	que
6	y-bar	se
6	cw-2dots	qui
6	seven-2dots	si
6	S	e
6	y-bar-dots-below	null?
6	dash	ss
6	S	e
6	seven-o	?
6	nine-dot	do?
6	tri-bar-p	te?
6	theta-bar	ne
6	d	r
7	loopg	y
7	n	a
7	x-curl	no
7	seven-1dot	sa?
7	d	r
7	ys	?
7	x-stroke-o	de?
7	g-bar	re
7	u	c
7	e-oo	ho
7	Lambda-o	po
7	d	r
7	L-bar	me
7	three-o	jo
7	d	r
7	cslash	que
7	S	e
7	dash-o	l
7	d-top	?
7	a	m
7	Lambda-bar	pe
7	g-1dot	ra?
7	aplus	o
7	seven-2dots	bi
8	S	e
8	ap	n
8	sideloop	d
8	n	a
8	seven-2dots	si?
8	cslash	que
8	tri-bar	te
8	openj-2dots	ni
8	S	e
8	ap	n
8	sideloop-o	do
8	x-curl	no
8	theta	s
8	S	e
8	theta-tick	s?
8	tri-bar	te
8	loopg	y
8	g-bar-dots-below	null?
8	op	gu
8	n	a
8	dash-o	l
8	L-bar	me
8	ap	n
8	tri-bar	te
9	S	e
9	ap	n
9	Lambda-side	pa
9	d	r
9	L-1dot	ma
9	loopg	y
9	S	e
9	ap	n
9	N	p?
9	six-1dot	la
9	seven-bar	ze?
9	ap	n
9	eight-2dots	ci
9	n	a
9	x-p	nu
9	ap	n
9	eight-1dot	ca
9	e-1dot	ha
9	ys-bar	ve
9	L-o	mo
9	theta	s
9	cslash	que
9	g-2dots	ri
9	sideloop-o	do
10	S	e
10	a	m
10	X-bar	pre
10	ap	n
10	x-stroke-o	de
10	d	r
10	e-1dot	ha
10	theta	s
10	tri-1dot	ta
10	cw-2dots	qui
10	openj-2dots	ni
10	ap	n
10	op	gu
10	openj-1dot	na
10	eight-o	co
10	y-1dot	sa
10	Lambda-o	po
10	d	r
10	ys-2dots	vi
10	n	a
10	x-stroke-o	de
10	g-o-dots-below	null?
10	op	gu
10	S	e
11	gamma-thick	rr
11	n	a
11	six	a
11	ys-2dots-dots-below	vi
11	S	e
11	d	r
11	tri-1dot	ta
11	S	e
11	theta	s
11	tri-1dot	ta
11	n	a
11	six-1dot	la
11	g-oo	ro?
11	cslash	que
11	y-bar	se
11	ys-bar	ve
11	d	r
11	openj-1dot	na
11	n	a
11	S	e
11	ap	n
11	four	?
11	six-1dot	la
11	cslash	que
11	g-o-marks	?
11	eight-bar-1dot	ca
11	d	r
12	S	e
12	dash-o	l
12	x-stroke-o	de
12	g-bar	re
12	u	c
12	e-oo	ho
12	cslash	que
12	y-bar	se
12	X-bar	pre
12	tri-2dots	ti
12	S	e
12	ap	n
12	x-stroke-o	de
12	x-p	nu
12	S	e
12	theta	s
12	invT-side	tra?
12	Lambda-side	pa
12	d	r
12	tri-bar	te
12	n	a
12	L-tick	ll?
12	S	e
12	ap	n
12	x-stroke-o	de
13	cslash	que
13	eight-1dot	ca
13	Lambda-2side	pi
13	tri-p	tu
13	six-1dot	la
13	ap	n
13	sideloop	do
13	y-bar	se
13	eight-o	co
13	theta-bar	ne
13	dash-o	l
13	x-o-2dots	di
13	u	c
13	e-oo	ho
13	aplus	o
13	tt-cross	tt
13	n	a
13	ys-2dots	vi
13	aplus	o
13	loopg	y
13	L-p	mu
13	g-2dots	ri
13	S	e
13	ap	n
13	sideloop	do
14	S	e
14	dash-o	l
14	clear	Pollo
14	y-bar	se
14	ys-bar	ve?
14	d	r
14	openj-2dots	ni
14	n	a
14	six-p	lu
14	S	e
14	ring-inf	go
14	n	a
14	six-1dot	la
14	theta-tick	s?
14	L-1dot	ma
14	x-curl	no
14	theta	s
14	eight-oo	co
14	ap	n
14	ys-o	vo
14	ys	?
14	y-bar	se
14	S	e
14	dash	ss
14	aplus	o
14	d	r
15	seven-2dots	si
15	ap	n
15	Lambda-o	po
15	x-stroke-o	de
15	d	r
15	S	e
15	q-bar	s?
15	eight-p	cu
15	y-1dot	sa
15	d	r
15	x-stroke-o	de
15	L-bar	me
15	tri-bar	te
15	d	r
15	S	e
15	ap	n
15	three-loop	?
15	loopg	y
15	tt-cross-1dot	?
15	aplus	o
15	six-1dot	la
15	x-curl-2dots	di
15	theta-tick	s
15	eight-p	cu
16	dash	ss
16	ring-stem	i
16	aplus	o
16	ap	n
16	x-stroke-o	de
16	dash-o	l
16	x-stroke-o	de
16	g-bar	re
16	u	c
16	e-oo	ho
16	X-bar	pre
16	tri-bar	te
16	ap	n
16	x-curl-2dots	di
16	sideloop	do
16	Lambda-o	po
16	d	r
16	six-1dot	la
16	theta-tick	s
16	Lambda-1dot	pa
16	d	r
16	tri-bar	te
16	theta-tick	s
16	loopg-bar	y?
17	ys-bar	ve
17	openj-2dots	ni
17	S	e
17	ap	n
17	sideloop	do
17	y-bar	se
17	n	a
17	dash-o	l
17	long-s-dots-below	null?
17	n-2dots	fi
17	ap	n
17	n	a
17	L-side	?
17	tri-1dot	ta
17	d	r
17	x-stroke-o	de
17	x-curl-1dot	da
17	d	r
17	g-bar	re
17	eight-oo	co
17	a	m
17	Lambda-bar	pe
17	ap	n
17	y-1dot-bar	sa
18	n	a
18	six-1dot	la
18	loopg	y
18	o-dash	g
18	six-bar	le
18	seven-2dots	si
18	n	a
18	S	e
18	ap	n
18	eight-1dot	ca
18	y-o	so
18	cslash	que
18	y-bar	se
18	e-1dot	ha
18	L-tick	ll
18	n	a
18	dash	ss
18	S	e
18	y-bar	se
18	a-top	?
18	ys	?
18	omega-dot	?
18	S	e
18	dash-o	l
18	x-stroke-o	de
18	g-bar	re
19	u	c
19	e-oo	ho
19	x-stroke-o	de
19	six-1dot	la
19	theta-tick	s
19	x-curl-2dots	di
19	u	c
19	e-1dot	ha
19	theta-tick	s
19	tri-2dots	ti
19	S	e
19	gamma-thick	rr
19	n	a
19	theta-tick	s
19	S	e
19	dash-o	l
19	dash-dots-below	?
19	sideloop-1dot	du?
19	cslash	que
19	X-bar	pre
19	tri-bar	te
19	ap	n
19	x-stroke-o	de
19	g-2dots	ri
19	n	a
20	Lambda-o	po
20	d	r
20	aplus	o
20	L-side	tra?
20	Lambda-side	pa
20	d	r
20	tri-bar	te
20	R-1dot	ra
20	tri-2dots	ti
20	n-2dots	fi
20	eight-1dot	ca
20	eight-2dots	ci
20	aplus	o
20	ap	n
20	Lambda-o	po
20	d	r
20	g-1dot	ra
20	crossV-o	zo
20	ap	n
20	x-stroke-o	de
20	six-o	lo
20	eight-1dot	ca
21	Lambda-2side	pi
21	tri-p	tu
21	six-1dot	la
21	sideloop	do
21	eight-o	co
21	theta-bar	ne
21	dash-o	l
21	Lambda-o	po
21	d	r
21	sideloop	do
21	ap	n
21	x-stroke-o	de
21	ys-bar	ve
21	d	r
21	openj-2dots	ni
21	n	a
21	L-o	mo
21	theta-tick	s
21	n	a
21	e-2dots	ha?
21	L-tick	ll
21	n	a
21	d	r
22	theta-tick	s
22	S	e
22	a	m
22	seven-1dot	ba
22	g-1dot	ra
22	eight-1dot	ca
22	sideloop	do
22	loopg	y
22	eight-long-1dot	ca?
22	d	r
22	g-o-dots-side	null?
22	ring-1dot	ga
22	sideloop	do
22	Lambda-o	po
22	d	r
22	n	a
22	a	m
22	seven-1dot	ba
22	theta-tick	s
22	Lambda-side	pa
22	d	r
22	tri-bar	te
22	theta-tick	s
22	crescent	?
23	loopg	y
23	Lambda-o	po
23	d	r
23	cslash	que
23	n-2dots	fi
23	openj-1dot	na
23	dash-o	l
23	L-bar	me
23	ap	n
23	tri-bar	te
23	x-stroke-o	de
23	L-1dot	ma?
23	theta	s
23	x-stroke-o	de
23	six-o	lo
23	cslash	que
23	n	a
23	gamma-thick	rr
23	d-o	?
23	j-1dot	?
23	y-bar	se
23	eight-oo	co
23	ap	n
23	seven-2dots	si
24	x-stroke-o	de
24	g-1dot	ra
24	x-stroke-o	de
24	dash-o	l
24	Lambda-o	po
24	eight-oo	co
24	n-p	fu
24	ap	n
24	x-stroke-o	de
24	L-bar	me
24	ap	n
24	tri-o	to
24	c-G	que?
24	y-bar	se
24	Lambda-p	pu
24	S	e
24	x-stroke-o	de
24	g-1dot	ra?
24	V-bar	pe?
24	d	r
24	x-stroke-o	de
24	dash-o	l
25	x-curl-2dots	di
25	u	c
25	e-oo	ho
25	sideloop-1dot	du?
25	cslash	que
25	aplus	o
25	tt-cross	tt
25	n	a
25	ys-2dots	vi
25	aplus	o
25	S	e
25	theta	s
25	x-stroke-o	de
25	u	c
25	ring-bar	?
25	S	e
25	d	r
25	cslash	que
25	Lambda-o	po
25	d	r
25	Lambda-o-dark	?
25	e-1dot	ha
25	d-o	?
25	a	m
25	Lambda-o	po
26	seven-2dots	?
26	seven	?
26	six-1dot	la
26	x-curl-1dot	da
26	x-curl	d?
26	y-bar	se
26	e-1dot	ha
26	ys-dots-below	null?
26	nine	u
26	g-1dot	ra
26	x-stroke-o	de
26	ys-1dot-dots-below	null?
26	ys-bar	ve
26	openj-2dots	ni
26	d	r
26	n	a
26	eight-oo	co
26	ap	n
26	g-o-bar	ce?
26	d	r
26	tri-bar	te?
26	d	r
26	six	a
26	dash-o	l
27	eight-1dot	ca
27	o-seven	?
27	eight-oo	co
27	ap	n
27	ys	?
27	n	a
27	hook-big	?
27	S	e
27	six-o	lo
27	seven-2dots	bi
27	S	e
27	ap	n
27	x-p	nu
27	S	e
27	theta	s
27	L-o	tro?
27	x-curl	no
27	ap	n
27	seven	b
27	g-bar	re
27	x-stroke-o	de
27	y-bar	se
28	tri-o	to
28	L-foot	?
28	dash	ss
28	S	e
28	six-1dot	la
28	S	e
28	ap	n
28	loopg-dots	null?
28	X-bar	?
28	seven-1dot	ba?
28	six	a
28	six-1dot	la
28	x-stroke-o	de
28	theta	s
28	eight-p	cu
28	seven-2dots	bi
28	S	e
28	d	r
28	tri-1dot	ta
28	six-o	lo
28	cw-1dot	qua
28	dash-o	l
28	x-curl	no
28	eight-oo	co
28	ap	n
Transcription

14nov1549_61r.tsv

# 14 Nov 1549, c.61r, by eye with sign_table.tsv, context in view. line TAB sign-name TAB value. ? = unread, trailing ? = value doubtful.
1	ys-bar	ve
1	d	r
1	ring-2dots	gi
1	n	a
1	Lambda-o	po
1	d	r
1	six-o	lo
1	theta	s
1	g-bar	re
1	theta	s
1	Lambda-bar	pe
1	tri-o	to
1	theta	s
1	cslash	que
1	y-2dots	si
1	S	e
1	a	m
1	L-dots-below	null?
1	X-bar	pre
1	y-bar	se
1	e-1dot	ha
1	ap	n
1	n	a
2	Lambda-p	pu
2	ap	n
2	tri-1dot	ta
2	inf-closed	do?
2	x-curl	no
2	ys-bar	ve
2	S	e
2	L-o	mo
2	theta	s
2	cslash	que
2	y-bar	se
2	n	a
2	eight-o	co
2	ap	n
2	ys-bar	ve
2	openj-1dot	ni?
2	S	e
2	ap	n
2	tri-bar	te
2	S	e
2	ap	n
2	invT-1dot	tra
2	d	r
3	Lambda-o	po
3	d	r
3	n	a
3	ring-inf	go
3	g-1dot	ra
3	S	e
3	ap	n
3	eight-1dot	ca
3	Lambda-2side	pi
3	tri-p	tu
3	six-1dot	la
3	eight-2dots	ci
3	aplus	o
3	ap	n
3	eight-o	co
3	theta-bar	ne
3	dash-o	l
3	n	a
3	dash	ss
3	loopg	y
3	Lambda-o	po
3	no-letters	r
3	S	e
3	dash-o	l
4	Lambda-o	po
4	eight-o	co
4	e-hook-o-p	fru?
4	tri-o	to
4	cslash	que
4	x-stroke-o	de
4	L-tick	ll
4	aplus	o
4	y-bar	se
4	y-1dot	sa
4	eight-1dot	ca
4	g-2dots	ri
4	n	a
4	eight-o	co
4	L-o	mo
4	Lambda-o	po
4	d	r
4	six-1dot	la
4	a-dots-below	?
4	c-hook-dots-below	?
4	aplus	o
4	Gamma	rr?
4	six	a
5	y-2dots	si
5	aplus	o
5	ap	n
5	cslash	que
5	x-stroke-o	de
5	L-dots-below	null?
5	L-tick	ll
5	aplus	o
5	Lambda-o	po
5	sideloop-bare	d
5	g-2dots	ri
5	n	a
5	tri-o	to
5	L-1dot	ma
5	d	r
5	S	e
5	dash-o	l
5	clear	Pollo
5	clear	mus
6	Lambda-1dot	pa
6	dash	ss
6	six	a
6	d	r
6	n	a
6	x-stroke-o	de
6	six-1dot	la
6	ap	n
6	tri-bar	te
6	L-1dot	ma
6	theta	s
6	x-stroke-o	de
6	theta	s
6	ys-bar	ve
6	d	r
6	ring-inf	go
6	ap	n
6	eight-1dot	ca
6	x-curl-1dot	da
6	L-bar	me
6	ap	n
6	tri-bar	te
7	S	e
7	ap	n
7	sideloop-bare-1dot	da
7	d	r
7	Lambda-1dot	pa
7	d	r
7	L-1dot	ma
7	n	a
7	e-oo	ho
7	g-1dot	ra
7	eight-2dots	ci
7	aplus	o
7	eight-o	co
7	L-o	mo
7	x-stroke-o	de
7	y-bar	se
7	theta	s
7	Lambda-bar	pe
7	g-1dot	ra
7	sideloop	do
7	loopg	y
7	L-bar	me
7	stem-v-dots-below	null?
8	tri-bar	te
8	d	r
8	six-bar	le
8	x-stroke-o	de
8	ap	n
8	invT-o	tro
8	S	e
8	ap	n
8	x-curl	no
8	ap	n
8	seven	b
8	g-bar	re
8	x-stroke-o	de
8	clear	em
8	clear	mus
8	e-1dot	ha
8	crossV-bar	ze
8	d	r
8	x-curl	no
8	theta	s
8	six	a
8	L	ll
8	ring-stem	i
9	nine	u
9	openj-1dot	na
9	e-oo	fro?
9	ap	n
9	tri-bar	te
9	g-1dot	ra
9	eight-o	co
9	L-o	mo
9	y-2dots	si
9	S	e
9	a	m
9	X-bar	pre
9	y-bar	se
9	e-2dots	ha?
9	y-o	so
9	theta	s
9	Lambda-bar	pe
9	u	c
9	e-1dot	ha
9	sideloop	do
9	loopg	y
9	S	e
9	L-tick	ll
9	aplus	o
9	theta	s
10	e-1dot	ha
10	ap	n
10	sideloop-bare-2dots	di
10	u	c
10	e-oo	ho
10	S	e
10	ap	n
10	clear	vela
10	n	a
10	dash-o	l
10	op	gu
10	openj-1dot	na
10	theta	s
10	ys-1dot-dots-below	null?
10	ys-bar	ve
10	crossV-bar	ze
10	theta	s
10	x-stroke-o	de
10	L-1dot	ma
10	theta	s
10	x-stroke-o	de
10	dash-o	l
11	sideloop-bare-1dot	da
11	y-over-L-bar	ñ?
11	aplus	o
11	cslash	que
11	e-1dot	ha
11	g-2dots	ri
11	n	a
11	S	e
11	dash-o	l
11	sideloop-bare-2dots	di
11	u	c
11	e-oo	ho
11	sideloop-tall-mark	du
11	cslash	que
11	aplus	o
11	tt-cross	tt
11	n	a
11	ys-2dots	vi
11	aplus	o
11	n-2dots	fi
11	op	gu
11	g-1dot	ra?
11	ap	n
12	sideloop	do
12	y-bar	se
12	six-bar	le
12	cslash	que
12	S	e
12	ap	n
12	n-2dots	fi
12	ap	n
12	x-curl	no
12	e-1dot	ha
12	ys-2dots	vi
12	six	a
12	L-o	mo
12	theta	s
12	x-stroke-o	de
12	n-1dot	fa
12	dash-o	l
12	tri-1dot	ta
12	d	r
12	six	a
12	openj-p	nu
12	S	e
12	theta	s
13	invT-o	tro
13	theta	s
13	openj-2dots	ni
13	S	e
13	tri-o	to
13	theta	s
13	n	a
13	six-o	lo
13	L-bar	me
13	x-curl	no
13	theta	s
13	x-stroke-o	de
13	theta	s
13	Lambda-p	pu
13	S	e
13	theta	s
13	x-stroke-o	de
13	ys-bar	ve
13	theta	s
13	sideloop-bare-2dots	di
13	n	a
13	theta	s
13	crescent	)
14	Lambda-o	po
14	d	r
14	six-o	lo
14	cw-1dot	qua
14	dash-o	l
14	tri-o	to
14	sideloop	do
14	x-stroke-o	de
14	theta	s
14	Lambda-p	pu
14	S	e
14	theta	s
14	x-stroke-o	de
14	e-1dot	ha
14	ys-bar	ve
14	d	r
14	six-o	lo
14	seven-2dots	bi
14	S	e
14	ap	n
14	S	e
14	q-bar	s
14	n	a
15	L-2dots	mi
15	openj-1dot	na
15	sideloop	do
15	x-curl	no
15	invT-1dot	tra
15	tri-1dot	ta
15	ap	n
15	inf-closed	do?
15	x-stroke-o	de
15	dash-o	l
15	n	a
15	eight-o	co
15	d	r
15	sideloop-bare-2dots	di
15	aplus	o
15	x-stroke-o	de
15	dash-o	l
15	Lambda-1dot	pa
15	d	r
15	tri-2dots	ti
15	eight-p	cu
15	six-1dot	la
15	d	r
16	x-stroke-o	de
16	S	e
16	ap	n
16	invT-bar	tre
16	ap-dots-below	null?
16	ys-o	vo
16	theta	s
16	loopg	y
16	aplus	o
16	tt-cross	tt
16	six	a
16	ys-2dots	vi
16	aplus	o
16	S	e
16	dash-o	l
16	cw-1dot	qua
16	dash-o	l
16	eight-2dots	ci
16	S	e
16	d	r
16	tri	ta?
16	L-bar	me
16	ap	n
17	tri-bar	te
17	omega	e
17	ap	n
17	inf-dots-below	do?
17	sideloop-bare	d?
17	y-bar	se
17	Lambda-p	pu
17	S	e
17	sideloop-bare-1dot	da
17	e-1dot	ha
17	crossV-bar	ze
17	d	r
17	eight-o	co
17	ap	n
17	clear	gien
17	y-1dot	sa
17	tri-2dots	ti
17	theta	s
17	cross-t	ff
17	n	a
17	eight-2dots	ci
18	aplus	o
18	ap	n
18	x-curl	no
18	Lambda-o	po
18	x-stroke-o	de
18	L-o	mo
18	theta	s
18	x-stroke-o	de
18	h-form	a?
18	d	r
18	x-stroke-o	de
18	six	a?
18	Lambda-o	po?
18	X-o	pro
18	seven-1dot	ba
18	d	r
18	six-bar	le
18	x-curl	no
18	theta	s
18	e-1dot	ha
18	Lambda-1dot	pa
19	g-bar	re
19	eight-2dots	ci
19	sideloop	do
19	cslash	que
19	S	e
19	ap	n
19	six-o	lo
19	x-stroke-o	de
19	L-1dot	ma
19	theta	s
19	x-curl	no
19	x-stroke-o	de
19	ys-bar	ve
19	loopg	y
19	theta	s
19	S	e
19	ap	n
19	openj-2dots	ni
19	ap	n
19	op	gu
19	openj-1dot	na
19	L-1dot	ma
20	theta-bar	ne
20	g-1dot	ra
20	S	e
20	ap	n
20	invT-1dot	tra
20	d	r
20	Lambda-o	po
20	d	r
20	S	e
20	dash-o	l
20	X-bar	pre
20	y-bar	se
20	ap	n
20	tri-bar	te
20	S	e
20	ap	n
20	eight-1dot	ca
20	Lambda-2side	pi
20	tri-p	tu
20	six-1dot	la
20	eight-2dots	ci
20	aplus	o
20	ap	n
21	eight-o	co
21	theta-bar	ne
21	dash-o	l
21	sideloop-bare-2dots	di
21	u	c
21	e-oo	ho
21	aplus	o
21	tt-cross	tt
21	n	a
21	ys-2dots	vi
21	aplus	o
21	loopg	y
21	six	a
21	dash	ss
21	loopg	y
21	aplus	o
21	theta	s
21	six-o	lo
21	S	e
21	n	a?
21	eight-1dot	ca
21	d	r
21	ring-1dot	ga
21	L-o	mo
21	theta	s
22	eight-o	co
22	ap	n
22	tri-o	to
22	sideloop-bare-1dot	da
22	S	e
22	cross-t	ff
22	d	r?
22	eight-1dot	ca
22	eight-2dots	ci
22	n	a
22	y-2dots	si
22	x-curl	no
22	cslash	que
22	tri-bar	te
22	ap	n
22	ring-1dot	ga
22	loopg	y
22	theta	s
22	L-p	mu
22	loopg	y
22	R-1dot	ra?
22	ap	n
23	n	a
23	sideloop-bare	d
23	ys-bar	ve
23	d	r
23	tri-bar	te
23	ap	n
23	eight-2dots	ci
23	n	a
23	x-stroke-o	de
23	S	e
23	ap	n
23	tri-bar	te
23	ap	n
23	x-stroke-o	de
23	d	r
23	S	e
23	dash-o	l
23	y-p	su
23	Gamma	rr?
23	S	e
23	dash	ss
23	aplus	o
23	cslash	que
24	tri-bar	te
24	ap	n
24	sideloop-bare-1dot	da
24	g-1dot	ra
24	ap	n
24	S	e
24	theta	s
24	tri-1dot	ta
24	theta	s
24	sideloop-bare-2dots	di
24	cross-t	ff
24	S	e
24	g-bar	re
24	ap	n
24	eight-2dots	ci
24	six	a
24	theta	s
24	clear	mus
24	n	a
24	ys-2dots	vi
24	y-1dot	sa
24	d	r
24	x-curl	no
24	theta	s
25	x-stroke-o	de
25	tri-o	to
25	sideloop	do
25	loopg	y
25	L-2side	mi?
25	g-1dot	ra
25	d	r
25	y-2dots	si
25	S	e
25	dash-o	l
25	sideloop-bare-2dots	di
25	u	c
25	e-oo	ho
25	sideloop-tall-mark	du
25	cslash	que
25	Lambda-o	po
25	d	r
25	cw-2dots	qui
25	S	e
25	d	r
26	ys-2dots	vi
26	n	a
26	tri-bar	te
26	d	r
26	openj-1dot	na
26	aplus	o
26	invT-1dot	tra
26	L-1dot	ma
26	theta	s
26	n	a
26	N	p?
26	Lambda-1dot	pa
26	g-bar	re
26	ap	n
26	tri-bar	te
26	n-o	fo
26	d	r
26	L-1side	ma
26	x-stroke-o	de
26	six-1dot	la
26	cslash	que
26	n	a
26	dash-o	l
27	X-bar	pre
27	y-bar	se
27	ap	n
27	tri-bar	te
27	y-bar	se
27	ys-bar	ve
27	S	e
27	clear	mus
27	S	e
27	ap	n
27	invT-1dot	tra
27	d	r
27	S	e
27	ap	n
27	Lambda-1dot	pa
27	d	r
27	six-dots-below	null?
27	six-bar-dots-below	null?
27	L-1dot	ma
27	loopg	y
27	eight-o	co
27	ap	n
28	n-o	fo
28	d	r
28	L-bar-dots-below	null?
28	L-bar	me
28	n	a
28	S	e
28	L-tick	ll
28	aplus	o
28	loopg	y
28	n	a
28	six-o	lo
28	cslash	que
28	y-bar	se
28	S	e
28	ap	n
28	tri-bar	te
28	S-dots-below	null?
28	ap	n
28	x-stroke-o	de
28	g-1dot	ra
28	x-stroke-o	de
28	openj-p	nu
28	S	e
29	ys-o	vo
29	x-stroke-o	de
29	clear	bela
29	cslash	que
29	S-1dot-blotted	ca?
29	sideloop-bare-1dot	da
29	sideloop-bare-2dots	di
29	six	a
29	y-bar	se
29	S	e
29	theta	s
29	Lambda-bar	pe
29	g-1dot	ra
29	L-2side	mi?
29	g-1dot	ra
29	d	r
29	six-o	lo
29	cslash	que
29	y-bar	se
29	Lambda-o	po
29	sideloop-bare-1dot	da
29	g-1dot	ra
Transcription

14nov1549_61v.tsv

# 14 Nov 1549, c.61v, by eye with sign_table.tsv, context in view. line TAB sign-name TAB value. ? = unread, trailing ? = value doubtful.
1	loopg	y
1	x-stroke-o	de
1	seven	b
1	g-1dot	ra
1	e-1dot	ha
1	crossV-bar	ze
1	d	r
1	seven-bar	se
1	op	gu
1	ap	n
1	six-1dot	la
1	aplus	o
1	a-o	?
1	Lambda-o	po
1	d	r
1	tri-p	tu
1	openj-2dots	ni
1	x-curl-1dot	da
1	sideloop	d
1	loopg	y
1	S	e
1	theta	s
1	tri-flat	ta?
1	sideloop	do
1	X-bar	pre
2	seven-bar	se
2	ap	n
2	tri-cross	te?
2	x-stroke-o	de
2	six-1dot	la
2	theta	s
2	eight-o	co
2	y-1dot	sa
2	theta	s
2	Lambda-p	pu
2	seven	b
2	six-2dots	li
2	eight-1dot	ca
2	theta	s
2	loopg	y
2	Lambda-1dot	pa
2	d	r
2	tri-2dots	ti
2	eight-p	cu
2	six-1dot	la
2	g-1dot	ra?
2	theta	s
2	x-p	nu
2	S	e
2	theta	s
3	invT-side	tra
3	theta	s
3	slash	/
4	Lambda-bar	pe
4	g-o	ro
4	S	e
4	ap	n
4	eight-1dot	ca
4	y-o	so
4	cslash	que
4	eight-1dot	ca
4	L-2dots	mi
4	L-tick	ll
4	aplus	o
4	nine	u
4	d	r
4	y-2dots	si
4	x-curl	no
4	cw-2dots	qui
4	y-2dots	si
4	S	e
4	dash	ss
4	S	e
4	e-1dot	ha
4	crossV-bar	ze
4	d	r
4	n	a
4	dash-o	l
5	op	gu
5	ap	n
5	tri-2dots	ti
5	g-o	ro
5	S	e
5	ap-foot	n
5	seven-bar	se
5	x-stroke-o	de
5	ys-1dot	va
5	eight-1dot	ca
5	ap	n
5	tri-cross	te?
5	aplus	o
5	S	e
5	ap	n
5	ys-2dots	vi
5	x-curl-1dot	da
5	x-stroke-o	de
5	dash-o	l
5	clear	Pollo
5	eight-o	co
5	L-o	mo
6	six-o	lo
6	n	a
6	Lambda-p	pu
6	ap	n
6	tri-1dot	ta
6	ys-1dot-dots-below	null?
6	loopg	y
6	theta	s
6	S	e
6	ap	n
6	six-1dot	la
6	X-2dots	pri
6	L-bar	me
6	g-1dot	ra
6	eight-1dot	ca
6	d	r
6	tri-1dot	ta
6	loopg	y
6	cslash	que
6	S	e
6	ys-2dots	vi
6	x-stroke-o	de
6	ap	n
6	tri-cross	te?
7	L-bar	me
7	ap	n
7	tri-cross	te?
7	aplus	o
7	theta	s
7	eight-o	co
7	theta-dots-below	null?
7	ap	n
7	theta	s
7	tri-1dot	ta
7	g-bar	re
7	S	e
7	theta	s
7	tri-1dot	ta
7	d	r
7	Lambda-1dot	pa
7	d	r
7	L-1dot	ma
7	n-p	fu
7	S	e
7	g-1dot	ra
7	x-stroke-o	de
7	six-1dot	la
7	theta	s
7	L-1dot	ma
7	x-curl	no
7	theta	s
8	x-stroke-o	de
8	clear	inta
8	loopg	y
8	x-stroke-o	de
8	ys	?
8	aplus	o
8	seven	b
8	S	e
8	x-curl-2dots	di
8	S	e
8	ap	n
8	eight-2dots	ci
8	n	a
8	x-curl	no
8	theta	s
8	aplus	o
8	theta	s
8	g-bar	re
8	L-2dots	mi
8	tt-cross	tt
8	ring-stem	i
8	L-o	mo
8	theta	s
8	e-oo	ho
8	loopg	y
8	theta	s
9	S	e
9	ap	n
9	tri-1dot	ta
9	dash-o	l
9	eight-1dot	ca
9	y-o	so
9	six-o	lo
9	cslash	que
9	L-bar	me
9	three-o	jo
9	d	r
9	aplus	o
9	theta	s
9	Lambda-1dot	pa
9	n-o	r
9	S	e
9	eight-2dots	ci
9	S	e
9	d	r
9	S	e
9	x-curl	no
9	sideloop-tall	du?
9	seven	b
10	x-curl-1dot	da
10	ap	n
10	sideloop	do
10	cslash	que
10	L-2dots	mi
10	g-1dot	ra
10	g-bar	re
10	loopg	y
10	theta	s
10	x-stroke-o	de
10	x-curl	no
10	S	e
10	a	m
10	X-bar	pre
10	ap	n
10	x-stroke-o	de
10	d	r
10	eight-o	co
10	y-1dot	sa
10	cslash	que
10	x-curl	no
10	seven-bar	se
10	n	a
10	eight-o	co
10	L-o	mo
11	x-stroke-o	de
11	crossV-bar	ze
11	theta	s
11	L-p	mu
11	loopg	y
11	three-bar	ju?
11	theta	s
11	tri-2dots	ti
11	n-2dots	fi
11	eight-1dot	ca
11	x-curl-1dot	da
11	loopg	y
11	cslash	que
11	x-curl	no
11	tri-cross	te?
11	ap	n
11	ring-1dot	ga
11	L-p	mu
11	loopg	y
11	seven-bar	se
11	op	gu
11	g-o	ro
11	loopg-2dots	y?
12	n-1dot	fa
12	eight-2dots	ci
12	dash-o	l
12	six-1dot	la
12	y-1dot	sa
12	six-2dots	li
12	x-curl-1dot	da
12	Lambda-o	po
12	d	r
12	S	e
12	dash-o	l
12	ring-stem	i
12	ap	n
12	eight-o	co
12	ap	n
12	ys-bar-dots-below	ve
12	openj-2dots	ni
12	S	e
12	ap	n
12	tri-cross	te?
12	loopg	y
12	x-stroke-o	de
12	Gamma	rr
12	S	e
13	Lambda-p	pu
13	tri-1dot	ta
13	eight-2dots	ci
13	aplus	o
13	ap	n
13	cslash	que
13	seven-bar	se
13	Lambda-o	po
13	nine	d
13	g-2dots	ri
13	n	a
13	seven-bar-1dot	se?
13	op	gu
13	ring-stem	i
13	d	r
13	x-stroke-o	de
13	six-o	lo
13	eight-o	co
13	ap	n
13	invT-side	tra
13	g-2dots	ri
13	aplus	o
13	crescent	)
14	loopg	y
14	n	a
14	dash	ss
14	loopg	y
14	L-2dots	mi
14	theta	s
14	L-o	mo
14	S	e
14	ap	n
14	eight-1dot	ca
14	y-o	so
14	cslash	que
14	eight-o-1dot	co?
14	L-o	mo
14	seven-bar	se
14	y-o	so
14	theta	s
14	Lambda-bar	pe
14	u	c
14	e-1dot	ha
14	Lambda-o	po
14	d	r
14	n	a
15	Gamma	rr?
15	aplus	o
15	d	r
15	x-curl-2dots	di
15	aplus	o
15	x-stroke-o	de
15	S	e
15	ap	n
15	T-bar-dots-below	null?
15	invT-bar	tre
15	S	e
15	dash-o	l
15	clear	Pollo
15	loopg	y
15	S	e
15	dash-o	l
15	g-bar	re
15	loopg	y
15	x-stroke-o	de
15	clear	nerp
15	aplus	o
15	x-stroke-o	de
15	aplus	o
15	invT-side	tra
16	L-1dot	ma
16	theta-bar	ne
16	g-1dot	ra
16	e-oo	ho
16	g-1dot	ra
16	eight-2dots	ci
16	aplus	o
16	S	e
16	ap	n
16	invT-side	tra
16	dash	ss
16	S	e
16	S	e
16	ap	n
16	Lambda-1dot	pa
16	d	r
16	L-1dot	ma
16	aplus	o
16	aplus	o
16	invT-side	tra
16	Lambda-bar	pe
16	d	r
16	y-o	so
17	openj-1dot	na
17	S	e
17	ap	n
17	x-curl	no
17	a	m
17	seven	b
17	g-bar	re
17	x-stroke-o	de
17	aplus	o
17	invT-o	tro
17	cslash	que
17	x-curl	no
17	n-p	fu
17	S	e
17	dash	ss
17	S	e
17	clear	inta
17	aplus	o
17	S	e
17	dash-o	l
17	sideloop-tall-1dot	du?
17	cslash	que
17	aplus	o
17	tt-cross	tt
17	n	a
18	ys-2dots	vi
18	aplus	o
18	g-o	co?
18	ap	n
18	cw-2dots	qui
18	S	e
18	ap	n
18	S	e
18	theta	s
18	tri-1dot	ta
18	six-dots-below	null?
18	e-bar	he
18	u	c
18	e-1dot	ha
18	six-1dot	la
18	Lambda-bar	pe
18	op	gu
18	six	l?
18	g-o-dots-below	ro?
18	ap-dots-below	n?
18	eight-o	co
18	ap	n
18	eight-o	co
19	six-o	lo
19	d	r
19	x-stroke-o	de
19	x-curl	no
19	e-1dot	ha
19	ys-bar	ve
19	d	r
19	y-2dots	si
19	sideloop	do
19	n	a
19	cslash	que
19	L-tick	ll
19	n	a
19	aplus	o
19	seven	b
19	seven-bar	se
19	d	r
19	ys-1dot	va
19	x-curl-1dot	da
19	loopg	y
19	S	e
19	theta	s
19	tri-flat	ta?
19	d	r
20	six-1dot	la
20	tri-2dots	ti
20	S	e
20	Gamma	rr
20	n	a
20	S	e
20	ap	n
20	L-1dot	ma
20	x-curl	no
20	theta	s
20	x-stroke-o	de
20	cw-2dots	qui
20	S	e
20	ap	n
20	x-curl	no
20	Lambda-p	pu
20	x-curl-2dots	di
20	S	e
20	dash	ss
20	S	e
20	eight-p	cu
20	a	m
20	N	p?
20	six-2dots	li
20	d	r
21	six-1dot	la
21	x-curl	no
21	theta	s
21	tri-flat	ta?
21	a	m
21	seven-2dots	bi
21	S	e
21	ap	n
21	aplus	o
21	theta	s
21	g-bar	re
21	L-2dots	mi
21	tt-cross	tt
21	ring-stem	i
21	L-o	mo
21	theta	s
21	cslash	que
21	Lambda-bar	pe
21	ap	n
21	seven-bar	se
21	loopg	y
21	theta	s
21	loopg	y
22	L-2dots	mi
22	g-bar	re
22	loopg	y
22	theta	s
22	Lambda-o	po
22	d	r
22	tri-o	to
22	x-curl-1dot	da
22	theta	s
22	six-1dot	la
22	theta	s
22	ys-2dots	vi
22	n	a
22	theta	s
22	loopg	y
22	L-o	mo
22	infinity	do?
22	theta	s
22	Lambda-o	po
22	dash	ss
22	ring-stem	i
22	seven	b
22	six-bar	le
22	theta	s
23	eight-o	co
23	L-o	mo
23	S	e
23	theta	s
23	tri-o	to
23	seven-bar	se
23	Lambda-o	po
23	sideloop	d
23	g-2dots	ri
23	n	a
23	ring-stem	i
23	a	m
23	Lambda-bar	pe
23	x-curl-2dots	di
23	d	r
23	loopg	y
23	x-stroke-o	de
23	eight-p	cu
23	g-1dot	ra
23	d	r
23	x-stroke-o	de
23	S	e
23	a	m
24	Lambda-o	po
24	x-stroke-o	de
24	g-1dot	ra
24	g-o	ro
24	theta	s
24	ys-o	vo
24	theta	s
24	x-stroke-o	de
24	six-1dot	la
24	x-curl-2dots	di
24	u	c
24	e-1dot	ha
24	eight-2dots	ci
24	nine	u
24	x-curl-1dot	da
24	sideloop	d
24	eight-o	co
24	ap	n
24	six-1dot	la
24	x-stroke-o	de
24	theta	s
24	tri-cross	te?
24	g-2dots	ri
25	x-curl-1dot	da
25	nine	d
25	loopg	y
25	x-curl-2dots	di
25	dash	ss
25	loopg	y
25	L-p	mu
25	six-1dot	la
25	eight-2dots	ci
25	aplus	o
25	ap	n
25	cslash	que
25	eight-o	co
25	ap	n
25	n-2dots	fi
25	n	a
25	L-o	mo
25	theta	s
25	y-1dot	sa
25	seven	b
25	g-bar	re
25	loopg	y
25	theta	s
26	nine	u
26	y-1dot	sa
26	d-curl	r
26	seven-bar	se
26	op	gu
26	ap	n
26	loopg	y
26	eight-o	co
26	L-o	mo
26	ys-bar	ve
26	g-bar	re
26	loopg	y
26	theta	s
26	six-o	lo
26	theta	s
26	n	a
26	ap	n
26	x-curl-1dot	da
26	L-2dots	mi
26	S	e
26	ap	n
26	tri-o	to
26	theta	s
26	x-stroke-o	de
26	six-1dot	la
27	aplus	o
27	invT-side	tra
27	Lambda-1dot	pa
27	d	r
27	tri-cross	te?
27	x-stroke-o	de
27	L-1dot	ma
27	theta-bar	ne
27	g-1dot	ra
27	cslash	que
27	Lambda-o	po
27	d	r
27	g-bar	re
27	y-o	so
27	dash-o	l
27	ys-bar	ve
27	d	r
27	x-curl	no
27	theta	s
27	x-p	nu
27	S	e
27	theta	s
27	invT-side	tra
27	ring-stem	i
27	ap	n
28	tri-cross	te?
28	ap	n
28	eight-2dots	ci
28	aplus	o
28	ap	n
28	loopg	y
28	n-2dots	fi
28	ap	n
28	S	e
28	theta	s
28	cslash	que
28	Lambda-o	po
28	d	r
28	S	e
28	dash-o	l
28	X-bar	pre
28	seven-bar	se
28	ap	n
28	tri-cross	te?
28	S	e
28	theta	s
28	tri-1dot	ta
28	ap	n
28	infinity	do?
Transcription

14nov1549_62r.tsv

# 14 Nov 1549, c.62r, by eye with sign_table.tsv, context in view. line TAB sign-name TAB value. ? = unread, trailing ? = value doubtful. Lines 4-9 and the rest of 13 onward are clear text, not listed here.
1	Lambda-1dot	pa
1	d	r
1	L-1dot	ma
1	S	e
1	ap	n
1	L-1dot	ma
1	x-curl	no
1	theta	s
1	x-stroke-o	de
1	dash-o	l
1	clear	Pollo
1	loopg	y
1	Lambda-o	po
1	g-bar	re
1	dash-o	l
1	aplus	o
1	x-stroke-o	de
1	dash-o	l
1	x-curl-2dots	di
1	u	c
1	e-oo	ho
1	sideloop-tall	du?
1	cslash	que
2	x-curl	no
2	seven-bar	se
2	ring-stem	i
2	ap	n
2	I-o	?
2	aplus	o
2	ys-bar	ve
2	openj-2dots	ni
2	S	e
2	a	m
2	X-bar	pre
2	ap	n
2	x-curl-1dot	da
2	openj-2dots	ni
2	ap	n
2	op	gu
2	openj-1dot	na
2	eight-o	co
2	y-1dot	sa
2	eight-o	co
2	ap	n
2	invT-side	tra
2	S	e
2	L-tick	ll
2	n	a
3	y-2dots	si
3	x-curl	no
3	S	e
3	ap	n
3	six-o	lo
3	theta	s
3	sideloop	do
3	theta	s
3	eight-1dot	ca
3	y-o	so
3	theta	s
3	six	a
3	Gamma	rr
3	ring-stem	i
3	seven-1dot	ba
3	x-curl-2dots	di
3	u	c
3	e-oo	ho
3	theta	s
3	crescent	)
10	S	e
10	dash-o	l
10	ys-bar	ve
10	g-1dot	ra
10	x-curl	no
10	cslash	que
10	ys-2dots	vi
10	S	e
10	theta-bar	ne
10	aplus	o
11	clear	mms?
11	six-o	lo
11	L-2dots	mi
11	theta	s
11	L-o	mo
11	S	e
11	ap	n
11	cslash	que
11	n	a
11	aplus	o
11	g-1dot	ra
11	seven-bar	se
11	e-1dot	ha
11	ap	n
11	S	e
11	a	m
11	nine-dot	null?
11	N	p?
11	six-bar	le
11	n	a
11	sideloop	do
11	eight-o	co
11	ap	n
12	invT-side	tra
12	nine	d?
12	g-2dots	ri
12	op	gu
12	ring-stem	i?
12	aplus	o
12	clear	mms?
12	aplus	o
12	invT-side	tra
12	eight-o	co
12	y-1dot	sa
12	cslash	que
12	S	e
12	ap	n
12	tri-o	to
12	ap	n
12	eight-bar-dark	ce
12	theta	s
12	seven-bar	se
12	Lambda-o	po
13	nine	d
13	g-2dots	ri
13	n	a
13	aplus	o
13	T-side	ff
13	g-bar	re
13	eight-bar	ce
13	d	r
13	crescent	)
Decryption

14nov1549_decryption_signs.txt

# 14nov1549: sign values line by line, from the sign files. [.] unread, (x?) doubtful, {x} clear in the cipher, nulls dropped.

## 14nov1549_60r_block1.tsv
1	y vi ni e n
2	do a l pa r ti cu la r de la de te r mi na ci o n co n que
3	que da va de s de a pu n ta r y ca pi tu la r co ne l
4	[Duque] o tt a vi o so b re la e m pre sa de pa r ma se to (ca?)
5	ra n a qui a l gu na s de la s co n si de ra ci o ne s que so
6	b re ll o no s o (c?) u rr e n pa ra de s pu e s a (sa?) {ho}
7	da r o s a e n te n de r nu e s tra i n te n ci o n
8	y vo lu n ta d

## 14nov1549_60r_block2.tsv
1	te ni e n do re s pe to a l po co fu n da me n to que se
2	pu e de ha ze r de la pe r so na de l di c ho (du?) que o tt a
3	vi o (pa?) ra u na e m pre sa co mo la de pa r ma a ss i po r lo que
4	se ti e ne co no ci do de ll a y no te ne r fo r ma de ha ve r
5	di ne ro e s ta n do e n de s gra ci a de l {Pollo} co mo po r
6	que a u n que no le fa l ta se no la ti e ne de do n de sa ca r
7	la ge n te no ha vi e n do a ll i o tra s ti e rr a s
8	co n ve zi na s de do n de la pu e da ha ve r si no la s
9	de la y g le si a de {et} {ud} y {tu} y que de s ta (ma?) ne ra se (r?) a de s
10	fo r ca (do?) pa ra ll e va r la co sa a de la n te i n te r
11	ve ni r y de c la r a r o s de nu e s tra pa r te lo qua l
12	{&} ro m pe r la gu e rr a co n tra la y g le si a o

## 14nov1549_60v.tsv
1	no se ri a (o?) (mo?) que ro m pe r la gu e rr a co n [.] la y g le si a
2	te ni e n do Su [.] (sa?) n ti da d co mo a go ra ti e ne a pa r ma
3	e n [.] no m b re de ll a y no de la ca sa fe r (ne?) [.] [.] [.] [.]
4	de (ra?) n do a ss i mi s mo que bi e s ta e m pre sa se [.] [.] e n
5	fa vo r de o tt a vi o co mo e s ta a la (ro?) que se ha ra ca pi
6	tu la n do co ne l pa re ce ri a que se qui si e ss e [.] (do?) (te?) ne r
7	y a no (sa?) r [.] (de?) re c ho po r me jo r que e l [.] m pe (ra?) o bi
8	e n d a (si?) que te ni e n do no s e (s?) te y gu a l me n te
9	e n pa r ma y e n (p?) la (ze?) n ci a nu n ca ha ve mo s que ri do
10	e m pre n de r ha s ta qui ni n gu na co sa po r vi a de gu e
11	rr a a vi e r ta e s ta a la (ro?) que se ve r na a e n [.] la que [.] ca r
12	e l de re c ho que se pre ti e n de nu e s (tra?) pa r te a (ll?) e n de
13	que ca pi tu la n do se co ne l di c ho o tt a vi o y mu ri e n do
14	e l {Pollo} se (ve?) r ni a lu e go a la (s?) ma no s co n vo [.] se e ss o r
15	si n po de r e (s?) cu sa r de me te r e n [.] y [.] o la di s cu
16	ss i o n de l de re c ho pre te n di do po r la s pa r te s (y?)
17	ve ni e n do se a l fi n a [.] ta r de da r re co m pe n sa
18	a la y g le si a e n ca so que se ha ll a ss e se [.] [.] [.] e l de re
19	c ho de la s di c ha s ti e rr a s e l [.] (du?) que pre te n de ri a
20	po r o (tra?) pa r te ra ti fi ca ci o n po r ra zo n de lo ca
21	pi tu la do co ne l po r do n de ve r ni a mo s a (ha?) ll a r
22	s e m ba ra ca do y (ca?) r ga do po r a m ba s pa r te s [.]
23	y po r que fi na l me n te de (ma?) s de lo que a rr [.] [.] se co n si
24	de ra de l po co fu n de me n to (que?) se pu e de (ra?) (pe?) r de l
25	di c ho (du?) que o tt a vi o e s de c [.] e r que po r [.] ha [.] m po
26	[.] [.] la da (d?) se ha u ra de ve ni r a co n (ce?) r (te?) r a l
27	ca [.] co n [.] a [.] e lo bi e n nu e s (tro?) no n b re de se
28	to [.] ss e la e n [.] (ba?) a la de s cu bi e r ta lo qua l no co n

## 14nov1549_61r.tsv
1	ve r gi a po r lo s re s pe to s que si e m pre se ha n a
2	pu n ta (do?) no ve e mo s que se a co n ve (ni?) e n te e n tra r
3	po r a go ra e n ca pi tu la ci o n co ne l a ss y po r e l
4	po co (fru?) to que de ll o se sa ca ri a co mo po r la [.] [.] o (rr?) a
5	si o n que de ll o po d ri a to ma r e l {Pollo} {mus}
6	pa ss a r a de la n te ma s de s ve r go n ca da me n te
7	e n da r pa r ma a ho ra ci o co mo de se s pe ra do y me
8	te r le de n tro e n no n b re de {em} {mus} ha ze r no s a ll i
9	u na (fro?) n te ra co mo si e m pre se (ha?) so s pe c ha do y e ll o s
10	ha n di c ho e n {vela} a l gu na s ve ze s de ma s de l
11	da (ñ?) o que ha ri a e l di c ho du que o tt a vi o fi gu (ra?) n
12	do se le que e n fi n no ha vi a mo s de fa l ta r a nu e s
13	tro s ni e to s a lo me no s de s pu e s de ve s di a s )
14	po r lo qua l to do de s pu e s de ha ve r lo bi e n e s a
15	mi na do no tra ta n (do?) de l a co r di o de l pa r ti cu la r
16	de e n tre vo s y o tt a vi o e l qua l ci e r (ta?) me n
17	te e n (do?) (d?) se pu e da ha ze r co n {gien} sa ti s ff a ci
18	o n no po de mo s de (a?) r de (a?) (po?) pro ba r le no s ha pa
19	re ci do que e n lo de ma s no de ve y s e n ni n gu na ma
20	ne ra e n tra r po r e l pre se n te e n ca pi tu la ci o n
21	co ne l di c ho o tt a vi o y a ss y o s lo e (a?) ca r ga mo s
22	co n to da e ff (r?) ca ci a si no que te n ga y s mu y (ra?) n
23	a d ve r te n ci a de e n te n de r e l su (rr?) e ss o que
24	te n da ra n e s ta s di ff e re n ci a s {mus} a vi sa r no s
25	de to do y (mi?) ra r si e l di c ho du que po r qui e r
26	vi a te r na o tra ma s a (p?) pa re n te fo r ma de la que a l
27	pre se n te se ve e {mus} e n tra r e n pa r ma y co n
28	fo r me a e ll o y a lo que se e n te n de ra de nu e
29	vo de {bela} que (ca?) da di a se e s pe ra (mi?) ra r lo que se po da ra

## 14nov1549_61v.tsv
1	y de b ra ha ze r se gu n la o [.] po r tu ni da d y e s (ta?) do pre
2	se n (te?) de la s co sa s pu b li ca s y pa r ti cu la (ra?) s nu e s
3	tra s /
4	pe ro e n ca so que ca mi ll o u r si no qui si e ss e ha ze r a l
5	gu n ti ro e n se de va ca n (te?) o e n vi da de l {Pollo} co mo
6	lo a pu n ta y s e n la pri me ra ca r ta y que e vi de n (te?)
7	me n (te?) o s co n s ta re e s ta r pa r ma fu e ra de la s ma no s
8	de {inta} y de [.] o b e di e n ci a no s o s re mi tt i mo s ho y s
9	e n ta l ca so lo que me jo r o s pa r e ci e r e no (du?) b
10	da n do que mi ra re y s de no e m pre n de r co sa que no se a co mo
11	de ze s mu y (ju?) s ti fi ca da y que no (te?) n ga mu y se gu ro (y?)
12	fa ci l la sa li da po r e l i n co n ve ni e n (te?) y de rr e
13	pu ta ci o n que se po d ri a (se?) gu i r de lo co n tra ri o )
14	y a ss y mi s mo e n ca so que (co?) mo se so s pe c ha po r a
15	(rr?) o r di o de e n tre e l {Pollo} y e l re y de {nerp} o de o tra
16	ma ne ra ho ra ci o e n tra ss e e n pa r ma o o tra pe r so
17	na e n no m b re de o tro que no fu e ss e {inta} o e l (du?) que o tt a
18	vi o (co?) n qui e n e s ta he c ha la pe gu (l?) (ro?) (n?) co n co
19	lo r de no ha ve r si do a que ll a o b se r va da y e s (ta?) r
20	la ti e rr a e n ma no s de qui e n no pu di e ss e cu m (p?) li r
21	la no s (ta?) m bi e n o s re mi tt i mo s que pe n se y s y
22	mi re y s po r to da s la s vi a s y mo (do?) s po ss i b le s
23	co mo e s to se po d ri a i m pe di r y de cu ra r de e m
24	po de ra ro s vo s de la di c ha ci u da d co n la de s (te?) ri
25	da d y di ss y mu la ci o n que co n fi a mo s sa b re y s
26	u sa r se gu n y co mo ve re y s lo s a n da mi e n to s de la
27	o tra pa r (te?) de ma ne ra que po r re so l ve r no s nu e s tra i n
28	(te?) n ci o n y fi n e s que po r e l pre se n (te?) e s ta n (do?)

## 14nov1549_62r.tsv
1	pa r ma e n ma no s de l {Pollo} y po re l o de l di c ho (du?) que
2	no se i n [.] o ve ni e m pre n da ni n gu na co sa co n tra e ll a
3	si no e n lo s do s ca so s a rr i ba di c ho s )
10	e l ve ra no que vi e ne o
11	{mms?} lo mi s mo e n que a o ra se ha n e m (p?) le a do co n
12	tra (d?) ri gu (i?) o {mms?} o tra co sa que e n to n ce s se po
13	d ri a o ff re ce r )
Reading

14nov1549_reading.txt

# Charles V to Ferrante Gonzaga, 14 November 1549, Biblioteca Estense, Autografoteca Campori, Lettera K, Karl V, sfasc. IV, cc. 60-63.
# The ciphered passages, in order. Word division, accents and punctuation are editorial; the cipher has none.
# [.] = one sign not read. (x?) = doubtful. Words in {braces} are written in clear inside the cipher and their meaning is not given by the key.
# Read by eye, with the sense in view. No contemporary decipherment of this letter has been found.
# c.60r block 2 is transcribed in 14nov1549_60r_block2.tsv and given here from that file.

c.60r, first block
y viniendo al particular de la determinacion con que quedava desde [.] apuntar y capitular con el Duque Ottavio sobre la empresa de Parma, se to(ca?)ran aqui algunas de las consideraciones que sobre ello nos o(c?)urren para despues a sa(?) {ho} daros a entender nuestra intencion y voluntad

c.60r, second block
teniendo respeto al poco fundamento que se puede hazer de la persona del dicho Du(?)que Ottavio pa(ra?) una empresa como la de Parma, assi por lo que se tiene conocido della y no tener forma de haver dinero, estando en desgracia del {Pollo}, como porque aunque no le faltase, no la tiene de donde sacar la gente, no haviendo alli otras tierras convezinas de donde la pueda haver si no las de la yglesia de {et ud} y {tu}, y que desta ma(?)nera se r(?)a de s forca do(?) para llevar la cosa adelante intervenir y declararos de nuestra parte, lo qual {&} romper la guerra contra la yglesia o

c.60v
no seria (o mo?) que romper la guerra con la yglesia, teniendo Su Santidad como agora tiene a Parma en nombre della y no de la casa Ferne[. .] [.]ando assi mismo que bien esta empresa se [. .]e en favor de Ottavio, como esta a la ro(?) que se hara capitulando con el, pareceria que se quisiesse [.]do(?) tener y a no sa(?)r [.] de(?)recho por mejor que el [.] m pe ra(?) o bien da si(?) que teniendo nos e s(?) te y (y)gualmente en Parma y en Plazencia nunca havemos querido emprender hasta qui ninguna cosa por via de guerra avierta, esta a la ro(?) que se verna a en [.] la que [.] car el derecho que se pretende nuestra parte, allende que, capitulandose con el dicho Ottavio y muriendo el {Pollo}, se vernia luego a las manos con vo[.] se sso r sin poder escusar de meter en [.] y [.]o la discussion del derecho pretendido por las partes, y veniendose al fin a [.] tarde dar recompensa a la yglesia en caso que se hallasse se [. . .] el derecho de las dichas tierras, el Duque que pretenderia por otra parte ratificacion por razon de lo capitulado con el, por donde verniamos a hallarse embaraçado y cargado por ambas partes.

y porque finalmente demas de lo que a rr[. .] se considera del poco fundamento que se puede ra(?) pe r del dicho Duque Ottavio es de c[.]er que por [.] ha [.] m po [. .] la da d se havra de venir a concer(?)ter(?) al ca [.] con [.] a [.] e lo bien nuestro nombre, de se to [.] sse la sen [.] ba a la descubierta, lo qual no con

c.61r
vergia por los respetos que siempre se han apuntado(?), no veemos que sea conveni(?)ente entrar por agora en capitulacion con el, assy por el poco fru(?)to que dello se sacaria como por la [. .] o rr(?)a sion que dello podria tomar el {Pollo} {mus} passar adelante mas desvergonçadamente en dar Parma a Horacio como desesperado y meterle dentro en nonbre de {em} {mus} hazer nos alli una fro(?)ntera como siempre se ha(?) sospechado y ellos han dicho en {vela} algunas veces; demas del daño(?) que haria el dicho Duque Ottavio, o figura(?)ndosele que en fin no haviamos de faltar a nuestros nietos a lo menos despues de ve s dias.

Por lo qual todo, despues de haverlo bien esaminado, no tratando(?) del acordio del particular de entre vos y Ottavio, el qual cierta(?)mente en do(?) d(?) se pueda hazer con {gien} satisffacion, no podemos de a(?) r de a(?) po(?) probarle. Nos ha parecido que en lo demas no deveys en ninguna manera entrar por el presente en capitulacion con el dicho Ottavio, y assy os lo e a(?) cargamos con toda e ff r(?) cacia, sino que tengays muy ra(?) n advertencia de entender el su rr(?) esso que tendran estas differencias {mus} avisarnos de todo, y mi(?)rar si el dicho Duque por quier via terna otra mas ap(?)parente forma de la que al presente se vee {mus} entrar en Parma, y conforme a ello y a lo que se entendera de nuevo de {bela}, que ca(?)da dia se espera, mirar(?) lo que se podra

c.61v
y debra hazer segun la oportunidad y esta(?)do presente(?) de las cosas publicas y particula ra(?)s nuestras.

pero en caso que Camillo Ursino quisiesse hazer algun tiro en sede vacante o en vida del {Pollo}, como lo apuntays en la primera carta, y que evidentemente os consta re-estar Parma fuera de las manos de {inta} y de [.]obediencia, nos os remittimos hoy s en tal caso lo que mejor os pareciere, no dubdando que mirareys de no emprender cosa que no sea como dezes muy ju(?)stificada y que no tenga muy seguro y(?) facil la salida por el inconveniente y derreputacion que se podria seguir de lo contrario.

y assy mismo en caso que como se sospecha por a rr(?)ordio de entre el {Pollo} y el rey de {nerp} o de otra manera Horacio entrasse en Parma o otra persona en nombre de otro que no fuesse {inta} o el Duque Ottavio, con quien esta hecha la pe gu l ro(?) n(?), con color de no haver sido aquella observada y esta(?)r la tierra en manos de quien no pudiesse cumplirla, nos tambien os remittimos que penseys y mireys por todas las vias y modos possibles como esto se podria impedir y de curar de em poderaros vos de la dicha ciudad con la desteridad y dissymulacion que confiamos sabreys usar segun y como vereys los andamientos de la otra parte, de manera que por resolvernos nuestra intencion y fines que por el presente estando

c.62r, lines 1-3
Parma en manos del {Pollo} y por el o del dicho Duque no se in[.]ove ni emprenda ninguna cosa contra ella sino en los dos casos arriba dichos.

c.62r, lines 10-13, inside a clear paragraph on the three companies of Spanish infantry from Prince Doria's galleys
el verano que viene o {mms} lo mismo en que aora se han empleado contra D(?)rigu i(?) o {mms} otra cosa que entonces se podria offrecer
Translation

14nov1549_en.md

# English of the ciphered passages, Charles V to Ferrante Gonzaga, 14 November 1549

Working translation of `14nov1549_reading.txt`. [..] marks text not read. Passages that do not form sentences in the Spanish are given as far as they go and marked. "the Pollo" keeps the clear word of the cipher; on the evidence below it is the Pope, Paul III, but the letter does not say so. `mus` and `mms` appear to stand for "para" and are translated "to" or "for".

**c.60r, first block.** And coming to the particular matter of the decision with which you stood [..] to arrange and make terms with Duke Ottavio over the enterprise of Parma, some of the considerations that occur to us about it will be touched on here, so as afterwards [..] to make known to you our intention and will.

**c.60r, second block.** Having regard to how little foundation can be placed in the person of the said Duke Ottavio for an enterprise such as that of Parma, both for what is known of it and for his having no means of getting money, being in disgrace with the Pollo; and because even if he did not lack it, he has nowhere to draw the troops from, there being no neighbouring lands there from which he could get them except those of the Church of `et ud` and `tu`; and that in this way it would be necessary, to carry the matter forward, to intervene and declare yourself on our side, which [would be] to break out in war against the Church, or

**c.60v.** it would be nothing (?) but breaking out in war with the Church, since His Holiness holds Parma, as he now does, in its name and not in that of the house of Farnese. [..] likewise, that though this enterprise be [done] in favour of Ottavio, [..] what would be done by making terms with him, it would seem that one wished [..] to hold [not read: about two lines, up to] "teniendo". [..] equally in Parma and Piacenza we have never wanted to undertake anything so far by way of open war. [..] the right that is claimed on our side. Besides which, if terms were made with the said Ottavio and the Pollo died, it would come to blows at once [..] without being able to avoid putting into [..] the discussion of the right claimed by the parties; and it coming in the end, [late?], to giving compensation to the Church in case it were found [..] the right to the said lands, the Duke would claim, on the other side, ratification by reason of what was agreed with him, whereby we should come to find ourselves hampered and burdened on both sides.

And because finally, besides what [..] is considered of the little foundation that can be placed in the said Duke Ottavio, it is to be [gathered?] that [not read: about a line and a half] one would have to come to an agreement [..] our name [..] openly, which would not be fitting

**c.61r.** for the reasons that have always been pointed out, we do not see that it is fitting to enter now into capitulation with him, both for the little fruit to be had from it and for the [occasion?] the Pollo could take from it to go on more shamelessly in giving Parma to Orazio, as if in despair, and putting him inside in the name of `em`, to make a frontier against us there, as has always been suspected and as they have sometimes said in `vela`; besides the harm that the said Duke Ottavio would do, or his fancying that in the end we would not fail our grandchildren, at least after [..] days.

For all of which, having examined it well, leaving aside the agreement on the private matter between you and Ottavio, which certainly [..] can be done with [..] satisfaction, we cannot [but?] approve it. It has seemed to us that for the rest you should in no way enter at present into capitulation with the said Ottavio, and so we charge you with all force, but that you take great care to learn the outcome these differences will have, to inform us of everything, and to see whether the said Duke by any route will have a more apparent way of entering Parma than is now seen; and according to that, and to what will be learned anew from `bela`, which is expected any day, to see what can

**c.61v.** and should be done according to the opportunity and the present state of affairs, public and our own.

But in case Camillo Orsini should try some stroke during the vacancy of the see or in the Pollo's lifetime, as you indicate in your first letter, and it is clear to you that Parma would again be out of the hands of `inta` and of [..]obedience, we leave it to you in such a case to do what seems best to you, not doubting that you will take care to undertake nothing that is not, as you say, fully justified and that has not a very safe and easy way out, because of the harm and loss of reputation that could follow from the contrary.

And likewise, in case, as is suspected, by an agreement between the Pollo and the king of `nerp` or otherwise, Orazio should enter Parma, or another person in the name of someone other than `inta` or Duke Ottavio, with whom the [..] has been made, under colour of its not having been observed and of the land being in the hands of someone unable to fulfil it, we also leave it to you to consider and look by all possible ways and means how this could be prevented, and to take care to make yourself master of the said city, with the skill and dissimulation we trust you will know how to use, according to how you see the other side proceed; so that, to settle our intention and aims, for the present, while

**c.62r, lines 1-3.** Parma is in the hands of the Pollo, and by him or by the said Duke nothing new is done, nothing is to be changed or undertaken against it except in the two cases stated above.

**c.62r, lines 10-13, inside the clear paragraph on the three companies of Spanish infantry.** next summer, either for the same work they have now been used in, against Dragut (?), or for anything else that might then arise.

20 Nov 1549, cc.64r-64v read in part

After Paul III's death: five short cipher passages forbid any move on Parma during the vacancy of the see, or any war on the Church, and put off an attack on the Farnese. The clerk's margin notes give the same sense.

Builds coherent sentences, but under the read bar of 95% of words read as sense (80% here); the holes are marked in the reading.

Transcription

20nov1549_64r.tsv

# 20 Nov 1549, c.64r last 2 lines, by eye with sign_table.tsv. line TAB sign-name TAB value. ? = unread, trailing ? = value doubtful. Line 1 = the one sign after the clear `deffender.`; line 2 = the full line below it. Does not form Spanish.
1	n-dots-below-filler	null?
2	n-dots-below	null?
2	L-loop-dots-below	null?
2	Lambda-1dot	pa?
2	ring-dots-below	null?
2	n	a
2	Lambda-1dot-mark	pa?
2	Z-bar-dots-below	null?
2	six-dots-below	null?
2	x-stroke-o-dot	de?
2	no-letters-dots-below	null?
2	dash-bar-dots-below	null?
2	ys-dots-below	null?
2	Z-bar-dots-below	null?
2	dash-o-dots-below	null?
Transcription

20nov1549_64v.tsv

# 20 Nov 1549, c.64v, by eye with sign_table.tsv. line TAB sign-name TAB value. ? = unread, trailing ? = value doubtful.
# FITTED: the clerk's margin notes were in view for every passage, so this is agreement with a contemporary summary, not a test.
# line = passage + letter of the manuscript line: 1a = passage 1, first line of c.64v.
1a	n	a
1a	Lambda-colon	pa
1a	no	r
1a	L-bar	ma
1a	omega	e
1a	ap	n
1a	x-o	no
1a	ap	n
1a	seven	b
1a	g-bar	re
1a	x-stroke-o	de
1a	six-1dot	la
1a	d-round-o	y
1a	o-dash	g
1a	six-bar	le
1a	seven-2dots	si
1a	n	a
2a	L-p	mu
2a	c-w-1dot	e
2a	b-dot-below	va?
2a	openj-2dots	ni
2a	ap	n
2a	o-p	gu
2a	openj-1dot	na
2b	S-o	co
2b	y-1dot	sa
2b	omega	e
2b	ap	n
2b	Lambda-colon	pa
2b	no	r
2b	L-bar	ma
2b	x-stroke-o	de
2b	g-gieri	?
2b	Lambda-colon	pa
2b	no	r
2b	tri-bar	te
3a	q-m	qui?
3a	seven-2dots	si
3a	dash-dots	ss?
3a	omega	e
3a	seven-bar	?
3a	L-o	mo
3a	mo	s
3a	L-o	mo
3a	b-1dot	ve?
3a	no	r
3a	o-p	gu
3a	omega	e
3a	gamma	rr
3a	n	a
3b	n	a
3b	six-1dot	la
3b	d-round-o	y
3b	o-dash	g
3b	six-bar	le
3b	seven-2dots	si
3b	n	a
4a	aplus	o
4a	n-p	ff?
4a	ap	n?
4a	x-stroke-o	de
4a	no	r
4a	loopg	y
4a	aplus	o
4a	S-p	cu
4a	Lambda-colon	pa
4a	no	r
4a	omega	e
4a	ap	n
4a	omega	e
4a	mo	s
4b	tri-1dot	ta
4b	ap-plus	o
4b	s-1dot	ca
4b	seven-2dots	si
4b	aplus	o
4b	ap	n
4b	omega	e
4b	dash-o	l
4b	omega	e
4b	mo	s
4b	tri-1dot	ta
4b	sideloop	do
4b	x-stroke-o	de
4b	six-1dot	la
4b	s-1dot	ca
4b	y-1dot	sa
4b	n-p-plus	fa?
4b	no	r
4c	theta-bar	ne
4c	s-dots	?
4c	y-1dot	sa
4c	Lambda-o	po
4c	no	r
4c	six-1dot	la
4c	six-1dot	?
4c	V-bar-2dots	ve?
4c	ap	n?
4c	sideloop-1dot	da?
4c	sideloop	d
4c	cslash	que
4c	tri-2dots	ti
4c	omega	e
4c	theta-bar	ne
4c	S-o	co
4c	ap	n
4c	omega	e
4c	dash-o	l
5a	tri-cross	te
5a	ap	n
5a	tri-1dot	ta
5a	no	r
5a	omega	e
5a	ap	n
5a	tri-bar-1dot	ta?
5a	dash-o	l
5a	tri-2dots	ti
5a	omega	e
5a	omega-m	m?
5a	n-p	p?
5a	Lambda-o	o?
5b	Lambda-colon	pa
5b	g-bar	re
5b	mo	s
5b	s-2dots	ci?
5b	omega	e
5b	g-bar	re
5c	aplus	o
5c	L-colon	tra?
5c	S-o	co
5c	y-1dot	sa
5c	loopg	y
5c	d-2dots	di?
5c	omega	e
5c	g-bar	re
5c	ap	n?
5c	aplus	o
5c	s-1dot	ca
5c	y-2dots	si
5c	aplus	o
5c	ap	n
5c	y-bar	se
5c	Lambda-o	po
5c	no	r?
5c	g-1dot	ra?
5c	ring-2dots	?
5c	dash-o	l?
5d	L-p-plus	fa?
5d	ap	?
5d	e-1dot	?
5d	tri-cross	te
5d	no	r?
Decryption

20nov1549_decryption_signs.txt

# 20nov1549: sign values line by line, from the sign files. [.] unread, (x?) doubtful, {x} clear in the cipher, nulls dropped.

## 20nov1549_64r.tsv
2	(pa?) a (pa?) (de?)

## 20nov1549_64v.tsv
1a	a pa r ma e n no n b re de la y g le si a
2a	mu e (va?) ni n gu na
2b	co sa e n pa r ma de [.] pa r te
3a	(qui?) si (ss?) e [.] mo s mo (ve?) r gu e rr a
3b	a la y g le si a
4a	o (ff?) (n?) de r y o cu pa r e n e s
4b	ta o ca si o n e l e s ta do de la ca sa (fa?) r
4c	ne [.] sa po r la [.] (ve?) (n?) (da?) d que ti e ne co n e l
5a	te n ta r e n (ta?) l ti e (m?) (p?) (o?)
5b	pa re s (ci?) e re
5c	o (tra?) co sa y (di?) e re (n?) o ca si o n se po (r?) (ra?) [.] (l?)
5d	(fa?) [.] [.] te (r?)
Reading

20nov1549_reading.txt

# Charles V to Ferrante Gonzaga, 20 November 1549, cc.64r-64v, the cipher passages, each after the clear words that lead into it.
# Fitted: the clerk's margin notes were in view. From 20nov1549_64r.tsv and 20nov1549_64v.tsv. The last two lines of c.64r are not read.
(c.64r, clear: quiera confirmar y deffender) [2 lines of signs, nearly all with dots below, not read]
1. a Parma en nonbre de la yglesia (clear: attento lo que arriba se dize de nuestra intencion)
2. (clear: en ninguna manera se) mue va ninguna cosa en Parma de [.] parte (clear: ni en otro lugar)
3. (clear: pretender que) qui si ss e [.] mos mover guerra a la yglesia (clear: directa o indirectamente)
4. (clear: tener de) offender y ocupar en esta ocasion el estado de la casa Farne[.]sa por la [.] vezindad que tiene con el (clear: dicho)
5. (clear: ni se deve) tentar en tal tiempo (clear: pues quando despues de elegido pontifice) paresciere otra cosa y diere ocasion se pod(r?)a [. .] [fa . .]te [. .]r
Translation

20nov1549_en.md

# English, 20 November 1549, the cipher passages with the clear words around them
Clear: as to what you ask, in case the College should wish to confirm and defend [2 lines of signs not read]:
1. in Parma in the name of the Church. Clear: given what is said above of our intention.
2. Clear: in no way let [anything] be moved in Parma on our part, nor in any other place.
3. Clear: claim that we wished to move war against the Church, directly or indirectly.
4. Clear: have, to offend and occupy on this occasion the state of the house of Farnese, because of the neighbourhood it has with that of the said [Duke of Florence].
5. Clear: nor should it be attempted at such a time, since when, after the pontiff has been elected, something else should seem right and give occasion, it can easily be done.

30 Sep 1549, c.50r

Someone is dealing with the Prior of Lombardy, castellan of the castle of Nice, so as to throw him out and put in Brissac. The clear margin note says the same in brief and was in view.

Transcription

30sep1549_50r.tsv

# 30 Sep 1549, c.50r cipher block, by eye with sign_table.tsv, context in view; signs read on their own terms, margin note not used as input but in view. line TAB sign-name TAB value. ? = unread, trailing ? = value doubtful.
1	loopg	y
1	n	a
1	nine	u
1	ap	n
1	cslash	que
1	ys-dots-below	null?
1	loopg	y
1	ys-1dot	va
1	eight-o	co
1	ap	n
1	n-2dots	fi
1	ap	n
1	x-stroke-o	de
1	invT-1dot	tra
1	eight	c
1	tri-1dot	ta
1	d-curl	r
2	n	a
2	dash-o	l
2	X-2dots	pri
2	aplus	o
2	d-curl	r
2	x-stroke-o	de
2	six-o	lo
2	a	m
2	seven-1dot	ba
2	d-curl	r
2	x-curl-2dots	di
2	n	a
2	eight-1dot	ca
2	mo-letters	s
2	tri-cross	te
2	L-tick	ll
2	n	a
2	x-curl	no
2	cslash	que
2	S	e
2	theta	s
3	x-stroke-o	de
3	dash-o	l
3	eight-1dot	ca
3	mo-letters	s
3	tri-2dots	ti
3	L-tick	ll
3	aplus	o
3	x-stroke-o	de
3	tri-1dot	ta
3	dash-o	l
3	L-1dot	ma
3	theta-bar	ne
3	g-1dot	ra
3	cslash	que
3	n-p	fu
3	cw	e
3	dash	ss
3	S	e
3	three	?
4	tri-1dot	ta
4	ap	n
4	tri-o	to
4	eight-o	co
4	L-o	mo
4	e-bar	he
4	eight	c
4	e-1dot	ha
4	no-letters	r
4	six-bar	le
4	x-stroke-o	de
4	n	a
4	L-tick	ll
4	ring-stem	i
4	Lambda-o	po
4	no-letters	r
4	L-bar-2dots	me?
5	tri-cross	te
5	no-letters	r
5	x-stroke-o	de
5	ap	n
5	invT-o	tro
5	n	a
5	L-o	mo
5	mo-letters	s
5	x-stroke-o	de
5	seven	b
5	g-2dots	ri
5	dash	ss
5	ring-stem	i
5	nine	u
5	eight	c
Decryption

30sep1549_decryption_signs.txt

# 30sep1549: sign values line by line, from the sign files. [.] unread, (x?) doubtful, {x} clear in the cipher, nulls dropped.

## 30sep1549_50r.tsv
1	y a u n que y va co n fi n de tra c ta r
2	a l pri o r de lo m ba r di a ca s te ll a no que e s
3	de l ca s ti ll o de ta l ma ne ra que fu e ss e [.]
4	ta n to co mo he c ha r le de a ll i po r (me?)
5	te r de n tro a mo s de b ri ss i u c
Reading

30sep1549_reading.txt

# Charles V to Ferrante Gonzaga, 30 September 1549, c.50r, the cipher block (5 lines). From 30sep1549_50r.tsv. A clear note in the margin summarises it and was in view while reading.
y aunque yva con fin de tractar al prior de lombardia castellano que es del castillo de tal manera que fuesse [.] tanto como hechar le de alli por me(?)ter dentro a Mos de Brissiuc
Translation

30sep1549_en.md

# English, 30 September 1549, c.50r
And although he went with the aim of dealing with the Prior of Lombardy, who is castellan of the castle, in such a way that it would amount to throwing him out of there in order to put in Mons. de Brissac.

13 May 1549, c.30r

Gonzaga is to work out where the money and materials for a work will come from, without letting the intention show. The slip c.29 is the contemporary decipherment.

Transcription

13may1549_30r.tsv

# 13 May 1549, c.30r cipher block, by eye with sign_table.tsv, decipherment slip c.29 in view (FITTED: agreement with the slip is not a test). line TAB sign-name TAB value. ? = unread, trailing ? = value doubtful.
1	loopg	y
1	Lambda-bar	pe
1	ap	n
1	seven-bar	se
1	loopg	y
1	mo-letters	s
1	cw	e
1	ap	n
1	cw	e
1	mo-letters	s
1	tri-cross	te
1	L-bar	me
1	x-curl-2dots	di
1	aplus	o
1	x-stroke-o	de
1	sideloop	do
1	ap	n
1	x-stroke-o	de
1	loopg	y
2	S-o	co
2	L-o	mo
2	seven-bar	se
2	e-1dot	ha
2	ap	n
2	x-stroke-o	de
2	e-1dot	ha
2	six-tick	be
2	no-letters	r
2	six-o	lo
2	mo-letters	s
2	x-curl-2dots	di
2	theta-bar	ne
2	g-o	ro
2	mo-letters	s
2	clear	mus
2	six-1dot	la
2	aplus	o
2	seven	b
2	g-1dot	ra
3	loopg	y
3	tri-cross-dots-below	null?
3	tri-1dot	ta
3	ap	n
3	seven-2dots	bi
3	cw	e
3	ap	n
3	six-o	lo
3	mo-letters	s
3	L-1dot	ma
3	tri-cross	te
3	g-2dots	ri
3	n	a
3	six-bar	le
3	mo-letters	s
3	Lambda-o	po
3	no-letters	r
3	cslash	que
3	seven-bar	se
3	ring-1dot	ga
3	theta-bar	ne
4	tri-2dots	ti
4	cw	e
4	ap	n
4	Lambda-o	po
4	y-2dots	si
4	ap	n
4	cslash	que
4	Lambda-o	po
4	no-letters	r
4	j-2dots	ni
4	ap	n
4	op	gu
4	j-1dot	na
4	L-1dot	ma
4	theta-bar	ne
4	g-1dot	ra
4	seven-bar	se
4	e-1dot	ha
4	ring-1dot	ga
5	x-stroke-o	de
5	L-o	mo
5	mo-letters	s
5	invT-1dot	tra
5	S-2dots	ci
5	aplus	o
5	ap	n
5	Lambda-o	po
5	no-letters	r
5	sideloop	do
5	ap	n
5	x-stroke-o	de
5	seven-bar	se
5	S-o	co
5	ap	n
5	X-bar	pre
5	e-bar	he
5	ap	n
5	x-curl-1dot	da
6	j-2dots	ni
6	ring-stem	i
6	j-dots-below	null?
6	L-1dot	ma
6	ring-2dots	gi
6	theta-bar	ne
6	cslash	que
6	seven-bar	se
6	n	a
6	tri-1dot	ta
6	dash-o	l
6	x-p	nu
6	cw	e
6	mo-letters	s
6	invT-1dot	tra
6	ring-stem	i
6	ap	n
6	tri-cross	te
6	ap	n
6	S-2dots	ci
6	aplus	o
6	ap	n
Decipherment of the time

13may1549_reading.txt

# Sign-by-sign alignment of c.30r (by eye, 2 Nov 2026): one sign per consonant+vowel unit, 6 lines
# format: unit = sign shape (see glyph_catalogue.md)
L1  y=loop-g pe=L+cross n=ap se=long-7 y=loop-g s=mo e=w n=ap e=w s=mo te=crossed-triangle me=L-4hook di=ring-2dots o=ap+ de=x-o do=oo n=ap de=x-o y=loop-g
L2  co=s-o mo=lo se=7 ha=e-dot [extra e-dot] n=ap de=x-o sa=e-dot be=6-tick r=no lo=c-curl s=mo di=ring-2dots ne=e-reversed ro=g-ring s=mo pa/ra=mm,nn-tail la=6-dot o=ap+ bra=7 y=loop-g
L3  y=loop-g [dotted-triangle null?] ta=triangle-dot n=ap bi=7-2dots e=w n=ap lo=c-curl s=mo ma=flat-L-colon te=crossed-triangle ri=g-2dots a=n le=6-bar s=mo po=Lambda-o r=no que=c-slash se=7 ga=ring-dot ne=e-reversed
L4  ti=triangle-2dots e=w n=ap po=Lambda-o si=j-2dots n=ap que=c-slash po=Lambda-o r=no ni=ring-2dots n=ap gu=ring-p na=j-dot ma=flat-L-colon ne=e-reversed ra=g-ring-dot se=7 ha=e-dot ga=ring-dot
L5  de mo s tra ci o n / po r do n de / se co m pre [one sign not fixed] n da
L6  ni i [one sign not fixed] ma gi ne que se a ta l nu e s tra i n te n ci o n
Decryption

13may1549_decryption_signs.txt

# 13may1549: sign values line by line, from the sign files. [.] unread, (x?) doubtful, {x} clear in the cipher, nulls dropped.

## 13may1549_30r.tsv
1	y pe n se y s e n e s te me di o de do n de y
2	co mo se ha n de ha be r lo s di ne ro s {mus} la o b ra
3	y ta n bi e n lo s ma te ri a le s po r que se ga ne
4	ti e n po si n que po r ni n gu na ma ne ra se ha ga
5	de mo s tra ci o n po r do n de se co n pre he n da
6	ni i ma gi ne que se a ta l nu e s tra i n te n ci o n
Reading

13may1549_reading_signs.txt

# Charles V to Ferrante Gonzaga, 13 May 1549, c.30r, the cipher block (6 lines). From 13may1549_30r.tsv, aligned with the contemporary decipherment on the slip c.29.
y penseys en este medio de donde y como se han de haber los dineros {mus} la obra y tanbien los materiales porque se gane tienpo sin que por ninguna manera se haga demostracion por donde se conprehenda ni imagine que sea tal nuestra intencion
Translation

13may1549_en.md

# English, 13 May 1549, c.30r
And consider in the meantime where and how the money for the work and also the materials is to be had, so as to save time, without any show being made by which it could be understood or imagined that this is our intention.

23 Dec 1549, c.76r

On Nice and the Prior of Lombardy, who is sent money and told to go and live in the castle. c.77 is the contemporary decipherment.

Transcription

23dec1549_76r.tsv

# 23 Dec 1549, c.76r passages, by eye with sign_table.tsv, decipherment slip c.77 in view (FITTED: agreement with the slip is not a test). line TAB sign-name TAB value. ? = unread, trailing ? = value doubtful. Line labels: a = in the clear line near y 436; b = near y 590; c1-c3 = block near y 742-834; d1-d3 = block near y 1299-1397.
a	Lambda-1dot	pa
a	no-letters	r
a	L-1dot	ma
a	three-dots-below	null?
b	Saa	[Duque]
b	aplus	o
b	eight	c
b	tri-1dot	ta
b	ys-2dots	vi
b	aplus	o
b	eight-dots-below	null?
c1	y-o	so
c1	seven	b
c1	g-bar	re
c1	six-o	lo
c1	x-stroke-o	de
c1	j-2dots	ni
c1	eight-1dot	ca
c1	y-2dots	si
c1	cw	e
c1	ap	n
c1	nine-dot	do
c1	n	a
c2	cslash	que
c2	L-tick	ll
c2	n	a
c2	a-loop	p?
c2	six-1dot	la
c2	eight-1dot	ca
c2	x-stroke-o	de
c2	six-1dot	la
c2	ring-stem	i
c2	a	m
c2	Lambda-o	po
c2	no-letters	r
c2	tri-1dot	ta
c2	ap	n
c2	eight-2dots	ci
c2	n	a
c2	cslash	que
c2	S	e
c2	mo-letters	s
c2	loopg	y
c2	cw	e
c3	mo-letters	s
c3	tri-1dot	ta
c3	ap	n
c3	nine-dot	do
c3	n-loop	fu?
c3	cw	e
c3	g-1dot	ra
c3	cw	e
c3	dash-o	l
c3	X-2dots	pri
c3	aplus	o
c3	no-letters	r
c3	x-stroke-o	de
c3	six-o	lo
c3	a	m
c3	seven-1dot	ba
c3	no-letters	r
c3	x-curl-2dots	di
c3	n	a
d1	n	a
d1	dash-o	l
d1	x-curl-2dots	di
d1	eight	c
d1	e-oo	ho
d1	X-2dots	pri
d1	aplus	o
d1	no-letters	r
d1	n	a
d1	eight-p	cu
d1	cw	e
d1	ap	n
d1	tri-1dot	ta
d1	x-stroke-o	de
d1	six-1dot	la
d1	x-curl-2dots	di
d1	eight	c
d1	e-1dot	ha
d1	Lambda-1dot	pa
d2	ring-1dot	ga
d2	cw	e
d2	ap	n
d2	eight-1dot	ca
d2	no-letters	r
d2	ring-1dot	ga
d2	ap	n
d2	nine-dot	do
d2	six-bar	le
d2	cslash	que
d2	n	a
d2	six-1dot	la
d2	e-oo	ho
d2	g-1dot	ra
d2	seven-bar	se
d2	ys-1dot	va
d2	loopg	y
d2	n	a
d2	six	a
d2	n	a
d2	dash	ss
d2	ring-stem	i
d2	mo-letters	s
d3	tri-2dots	ti
d3	no-letters	r
d3	loopg	y
d3	g-bar	re
d3	y-2dots	si
d3	x-curl-2dots	di
d3	no-letters	r
d3	cw	e
d3	theta-bar	ne
d3	dash-o	l
d3	eight-1dot	ca
d3	mo-letters	s
d3	tri-2dots	ti
d3	L-tick	ll
d3	aplus	o
Decryption

23dec1549_decryption_signs.txt

# 23dec1549: sign values line by line, from the sign files. [.] unread, (x?) doubtful, {x} clear in the cipher, nulls dropped.

## 23dec1549_76r.tsv
a	pa r ma
b	[Duque] o c ta vi o
c1	so b re lo de ni ca si e n do a
c2	que ll a (p?) la ca de la i m po r ta n ci a que e s y e
c3	s ta n do (fu?) e ra e l pri o r de lo m ba r di a
d1	a l di c ho pri o r a cu e n ta de la di c ha pa
d2	ga e n ca r ga n do le que a la ho ra se va y a a a ss i s
d3	ti r y re si di r e ne l ca s ti ll o
Reading

23dec1549_reading.txt

# Charles V to Ferrante Gonzaga, 23 December 1549, c.76r, the cipher passages. From 23dec1549_76r.tsv, aligned with the contemporary decipherment on c.77.
a. a lo de Parma
b. [Duque] Octavio
c. sobre lo de Nica siendo aquella p(?)laca de la importancia que es y estando fu(?)era el prior de lombardia
d. al dicho prior a cuenta de la dicha paga encargandole que a la hora se vaya a assistir y residir en el castillo
Translation

23dec1549_en.md

# English, 23 December 1549, c.76r
a. as to Parma. b. Duke Ottavio. c. about Nice, that place being of the importance it is and the Prior of Lombardy being away from it. d. to the said Prior on account of the said pay, charging him to go at once to attend and reside in the castle.

Key: sign_table.tsv, sign_values.tsv

06 Sources

Sign files, readings, translations and the sign table are in targets/gonzaga1549/.